Which following action is an example of a primary health care strategy in Canada?
- A. Providing unit space for computers
- B. Increasing the number of acute care beds in hospitals
- C. Developing nurse practitioner legislation
- D. Lobbying for open visiting hours for all inpatients
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Developing nurse practitioner legislation and funding and implementing nurse practitioner initiatives is an example of a primary health care strategy in Canada.
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Which of the following is considered a challenge when implementing primary health care (PHC)?
- A. Lack of funding for research
- B. Community participation
- C. Rigid staffing models
- D. Effective interprofessional collaboration
- E. Lack of nurse practitioners
- F. Lack of family physicians
- G. Appropriate models of care
Correct Answer: A,B,D,G
Rationale: Challenges when implementing PHC include lack of funding for research, community participation, effective interprofessional collaboration, and appropriate models of care.
A notable ongoing effect of the colonization of the Indigenous Peoples of Canada includes which of the following?
- A. Documentation of traditional ways of knowing
- B. Unacceptable quality of drinking water
- C. Increased land rights
- D. Enhanced health status
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: One significant effect of colonization of Indigenous Peoples of Canada is the unacceptable quality of drinking water in many Indigenous communities.
Which two principles of primary health care must be incorporated when addressing health determinants outside of the health sector?
- A. Accessibility, public participation
- B. Public participation, and interdisciplinary collaboration
- C. Public participation, intersectoral and interdisciplinary collaboration
- D. Health promotion and illness prevention, accessibility
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Public participation and intersectoral and interdisciplinary collaboration are both required in order to address health determinants outside of the health sector.
The following are examples of suggestions for innovation in health care as identified by Indigenous leaders, health leaders, and primary health care (PHC) physicians and nurses in Alberta.
- A. Involve Indigenous elders in the reduction of violence
- B. Monitor disease outbreaks in Indigenous communities
- C. Create Indigenous electronic health records
- D. Provide education on chronic disease
- E. Use telehealth to link Indigenous patients to elders
- F. Create a coherent model for engagement and outreach
- G. Increase funding for travel to health services
Correct Answer: A,E,F
Rationale: Suggestions for innovation identified by Indigenous leaders, provincial health system leaders, and PHC physicians and nurses in Alberta include having a coherent model for community engagement and outreach; learning from the success of others, such as the reduction in violence through the involvement of elders; and using technology, such as telehealth, to link Indigenous patients to elders for support on their healing journey.
Which province opened the first nurse practitioner-led clinic in Canada?
- A. Alberta
- B. Quebec
- C. Ontario
- D. British Columbia
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The first nurse practitioner-led clinic opened in Sudbury, Ontario, in August 2007.
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