Nokea
Which hormone is produced throughout a menstrual cycle?
- A. FSH
- B. estrogen
- C. LH
- D. progesterone
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: estrogen. Estrogen is produced throughout the menstrual cycle by the ovaries. It plays a key role in regulating the menstrual cycle, promoting the growth of the uterine lining, and preparing the body for ovulation. FSH and LH are involved in stimulating the ovaries to produce estrogen and progesterone, respectively. Progesterone is mainly produced in the second half of the menstrual cycle, after ovulation, to support pregnancy. Therefore, estrogen is the hormone that is produced consistently throughout the menstrual cycle, making it the correct answer.
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The primitive stem cell of spermatogenesis, which is found on the periphery of each seminiferous tubule, is called a ________.
- A. spermatogonium
- B. spermatid
- C. primary spermatocyte
- D. secondary spermatocyte
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: spermatogonium. Spermatogonium is the primitive stem cell of spermatogenesis located at the periphery of seminiferous tubules. It undergoes mitosis to produce more spermatogonia or differentiate into primary spermatocytes. Spermatid and secondary spermatocyte are later stages in spermatogenesis, not the primitive stem cell. Primary spermatocyte is the immediate progeny of spermatogonium following differentiation.
While working on the surgical unit, you are assigned to care for a client who has just returned to the surgical unit after a TURP. You assess the client and obtain these data. Which finding will require the most immediate action?
- A. Client's blood pressure reading is 153/88.
- B. Client's catheter is draining bright red blood.
- C. Client is not wearing anti-embolism hose.
- D. Client is complaining of abdominal cramping.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Bright red blood in the catheter may indicate hemorrhage, requiring immediate attention.
The female sex of the child involves the following during fecundation:
- A. the spermatozoon should contain the X sex chromosome;
- B. the spermatozoon should contain the Y sex chromosome;
- C. the ovule should contain the contain the Y sex chromosome;
- D. the spermatozoon should contain the X sex chromosome and the ovule should contain the contain the X sex chromosome
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because during fecundation, the female sex of the child is determined by the presence of the X sex chromosome in the spermatozoon and the ovule. This leads to the combination of XX chromosomes, resulting in a female child. Choice A (spermatozoon with X chromosome) alone would lead to a female child, but it requires the ovule to also have an X chromosome for the correct combination. Choice B (spermatozoon with Y chromosome) would result in a male child. Choice C (ovule with Y chromosome) is incorrect as the ovule always contains an X chromosome. Thus, the correct combination for a female child is when the spermatozoon contains the X chromosome and the ovule contains the X chromosome.
The ovary is located in the:
- A. abdominal cavity;
- B. pelvic cavity;
- C. inguinal region;
- D. lumbar region;
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: pelvic cavity. The ovary is located in the pelvic cavity because it is part of the female reproductive system and is situated within the pelvis. It is specifically housed in the adnexal region of the pelvis, attached to the uterus via ligaments. The abdominal cavity (choice A) is too high up in the body to house the ovary. The inguinal region (choice C) is located in the lower abdomen near the groin and does not contain the ovary. The lumbar region (choice D) is located in the lower back and is not where the ovary is located.
The medical term expressing surgical fixation of the breast(s) is __________
- A. mammoplasty
- B. Mastopexy
- C. hysteropexy
- D. vaginoplasty
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: mammoplasty. "Mammo-" refers to the breast, and "-plasty" indicates surgical repair or reconstruction. This term specifically denotes surgical fixation of the breast(s).
B: Mastopexy refers to a breast lift, not fixation.
C: Hysteropexy involves fixing the uterus, not the breast.
D: Vaginoplasty refers to surgical reconstruction of the vagina, not the breast.