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Which instruction by the nurse should be included in the teaching plan for an infertile woman who has been shown to have a 28-day biphasic menstrual cycle?
- A. Douche with a cider vinegar solution immediately before having intercourse.
- B. Schedule intercourse every day from day 8 to day 14 of the menstrual cycle.
- C. Be placed on follicle-stimulating hormone therapy by the fertility specialist.
- D. Assess the basal body temperature pattern for at least 6 more months.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Intercourse during the fertile window (days 8–14 in a 28-day cycle) maximizes conception chances.
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A woman is informed that she is a carrier for Tay-Sachs disease, an autosomal recessive illness. What is her phenotype?
- A. She has one recessive gene and one normal gene.
- B. She has two recessive genes.
- C. She exhibits all symptoms of the disease.
- D. She exhibits no symptoms of the disease.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Carriers of autosomal recessive diseases do not exhibit symptoms.
The nurse in a genetic clinic interviews a couple and develops a pedigree chart. Which inheritance patterns does the pedigree chart portray?
- A. Autosomal recessive
- B. X-linked recessive
- C. Autosomal dominant
- D. X-linked dominant
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C, Autosomal dominant. In an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern, the trait is passed down from generation to generation, affecting both males and females equally. This is indicated by the presence of the trait in every generation of the pedigree chart. In contrast, autosomal recessive traits would skip generations and require both parents to be carriers. X-linked recessive traits mainly affect males and skip generations. X-linked dominant traits would be present in every generation but would affect more females than males.
A nurse is instructing a client on taking her basal body temperature. The nurse understands that this test is used to determine which of the following?
- A. If the client's cervical mucus contains enough estrogen to support sperm motility.
- B. If the client's temperature rises 1 to 5 days after the midcycle.
- C. If surgical correction of uterine pathology is needed.
- D. If the client is experiencing blockage of the uterine cavity and fallopian tubes.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because basal body temperature rises 1 to 5 days after ovulation, indicating that ovulation has occurred. This is important for tracking fertility and planning conception.
A is incorrect because basal body temperature is not used to determine estrogen levels in cervical mucus.
C is incorrect because basal body temperature is not used to diagnose uterine pathology.
D is incorrect because basal body temperature does not assess blockages in the uterine cavity or fallopian tubes.
A nurse is offering preconception counseling to a couple. What advice should be emphasized to support fertility?
- A. Smoking cessation improves both male and female fertility.
- B. Caffeine intake has no impact on fertility.
- C. Stress management is unnecessary if ovulation occurs regularly.
- D. High protein diets guarantee improved egg quality.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Smoking cessation improves both male and female fertility. Smoking negatively impacts fertility by reducing sperm quality, disrupting hormone production, and affecting egg quality. By quitting smoking, both partners can improve their chances of conceiving.
Summary:
B: Caffeine intake can affect fertility, so moderate consumption is recommended.
C: Stress management is important for fertility, as stress can disrupt hormonal balance.
D: High protein diets alone do not guarantee improved egg quality; a balanced diet is essential for fertility.
During infertility counseling, the nurse explains the purpose of an HSG (hysterosalpingogram). What is the best explanation?
- A. It evaluates ovarian function and hormone levels.
- B. It assesses the structure and patency of the uterus and fallopian tubes.
- C. It determines the timing of ovulation for insemination.
- D. It monitors fetal development during early pregnancy.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Rationale: The correct answer is B because an HSG is used to visualize the structure and patency of the uterus and fallopian tubes, helping to diagnose causes of infertility such as tubal blockages or abnormalities. A is incorrect because HSG does not assess ovarian function or hormone levels. C is incorrect as HSG does not determine ovulation timing but rather evaluates tubal patency. D is incorrect because HSG is not used to monitor fetal development.