Nokea
Which ion is formed as a result of the action of carbonic anhydrase on carbon dioxide and water?
- A. Sodium ion (Na+)
- B. Bicarbonate ion (HCO3-)
- C. Hydroxide ion (OH-)
- D. Potassium ion (K+)
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Step 1: Carbonic anhydrase catalyzes the reaction between carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O).
Step 2: This reaction forms carbonic acid (H2CO3).
Step 3: Carbonic acid then dissociates into bicarbonate ion (HCO3-) and hydrogen ion (H+).
Step 4: Therefore, the ion formed as a result of the action of carbonic anhydrase on CO2 and H2O is the bicarbonate ion (HCO3-).
Summary:
- Choice A (Sodium ion) is incorrect as it is not involved in the reaction with carbonic anhydrase.
- Choice C (Hydroxide ion) is incorrect as it is not a product of the reaction but rather a different compound.
- Choice D (Potassium ion) is incorrect as it is not related to the reaction between carbon dioxide and water.
You may also like to solve these questions
Which of the following nursing activities is most important when a client comes back from a respiratory test if they have respiratory problems?
- A. Allow the client to rest
- B. Assess the client’s airway
- C. Teach the client important information
- D. Teach the family about respiratory disease
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Assessing the airway is critical immediately after a respiratory test, especially if the client has pre-existing respiratory issues. A (rest) is secondary until stability is confirmed. C and D involve education, which is important but not urgent compared to ensuring airway patency.
The COPD patient delightedly tells the nurse that he has quit smoking and is using chewing tobacco. The nurse's best intervention would be to:
- A. Congratulate him on his quitting smoking.
- B. Warn him of the dangers of oral cancer.
- C. Suggest that he add nicotine patches in addition to the chewing tobacco.
- D. Point out that he is still addicted and is using tobacco.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. The nurse should point out that the patient is still addicted and using tobacco. This is important because quitting smoking is a positive step, but using chewing tobacco still poses health risks. By highlighting the addiction and continued use of tobacco, the nurse can provide necessary education and support for the patient's overall health.
Choice A is incorrect because it fails to address the continued tobacco use. Choice B is also incorrect as it focuses on a specific risk (oral cancer) rather than the broader issue of tobacco addiction. Choice C is incorrect as adding nicotine patches would not address the fact that the patient is still using tobacco in another form.
A nurse is preparing to obtain a sputum specimen from a male client. Which of the following nursing actions will facilitate obtaining the specimen?
- A. Limiting fluid.
- B. Having the client take deep breaths.
- C. Asking the client to spit into the collection container.
- D. Asking the client to obtain the specimen after eating.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Having the client take deep breaths. This action facilitates obtaining a sputum specimen by helping the client to cough and expectorate sputum effectively. Deep breaths help to mobilize secretions, making it easier for the client to produce a quality specimen. Limiting fluid intake (choice A) can lead to dehydration and thickening of secretions, making it harder to obtain a specimen. Asking the client to spit into the container (choice C) may result in contamination with saliva. Asking the client to obtain the specimen after eating (choice D) can introduce food particles into the specimen, affecting the accuracy of the test.
The nurse is caring for a patient who has returned to the unit following a bronchoscopy. The patient is asking for something to drink. Which criterion will determine when the nurse should allow the patient to drink fluids?
- A. Presence of a cough and gag reflex
- B. Absence of nausea
- C. Ability to demonstrate deep inspiration
- D. Oxygen saturation of ≥92%
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A, presence of a cough and gag reflex. After a bronchoscopy, it is crucial for the nurse to ensure the patient has a cough and gag reflex before allowing them to drink fluids to prevent aspiration. Cough reflex helps clear secretions, and gag reflex prevents fluids from entering the airway. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not directly relate to the safety of the patient's ability to swallow post-bronchoscopy.
When instructing the client with chronic stable angina it should be emphasized that angina may be brought on by many precipitating factors including the following:
- A. Rest
- B. Sudden change in position
- C. Severe depression
- D. Consumption of a heavy meal
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Step 1: Consumption of a heavy meal can lead to increased blood flow to the digestive system, causing a temporary reduction in blood flow to the heart muscle.
Step 2: This reduction can trigger angina symptoms in individuals with chronic stable angina.
Step 3: Emphasizing this to the client helps in understanding potential triggers to manage their condition effectively.
Step 4: Rest (A) is usually recommended to relieve angina, sudden change in position (B) is not a common trigger, and severe depression (C) can exacerbate angina but is not a direct precipitating factor like heavy meals.