Nokea
Which is humoral immunity based on?
- A. Production of antibodies by B cells
- B. T cells are activated by an antigen
- C. The body's response to an antigen
- D. Sensitized T cells destroy the antigen
- E. Helper T cells activate phagocytosis
Correct Answer: A,C,E
Rationale: Both types of immunity are in response to an antigen, In the humoral response, helper T cells activate phagocytosis and the production of antibodies by the B cells. B cells are the main player in humoral response.
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The process of immunity through a controlled exposure to an attenuated organism to stimulate the production of antibodies is ___
Correct Answer: immunization
Rationale: The process of immunity through a controlled exposure to an attenuated organism to stimulate the production of antibodies is immunization.
The nurse will monitor for which adverse effect when caring for a patient undergoing plasmapheresis?
- A. Hypotension
- B. Hypersensitivity
- C. Urticaria
- D. Flank pain
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Hypotension occurs during plasmapheresis because of transient volume changes in the blood.
Which step is the third step in the sequence of a plasmapheresis procedure?
- A. Removal of whole blood in one arm
- B. Circulation of blood through cell separator
- C. Remainder of plasma returned through vein in opposite arm
- D. Separation of plasma and its cellular components
- E. Replacement of plasma with lactated Ringer
- F. Removal of undesirable components
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The whole blood is drawn out of one arm; circulated through a cell separator; plasma is separated with its cellular components; the undesirable components are removed; the remainder of plasma is returned through a vein in the opposite arm; and the lost plasma is replaced with lactated Ringer, normal saline, frozen plasma, or albumin.
Which term is used to describe transplantation of tissue between members of the same species?
- A. Allograft
- B. Autograft
- C. Isograft
- D. Homograft
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The allograft is the transplantation of tissues between members of the same species, such as a graft for full-thickness burns.
The nurse takes into consideration that when the antigen and antibody react, the complement system is activated. This results in which activity?
- A. toughens the cell wall.
- B. generates more T cells.
- C. attracts phagocytes.
- D. makes the antigen resistant.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The complement system is a group of plasma proteins that are dormant until there is an antigen-antibody interaction. The proteins destroy the cell membrane and attract phagocytes.