Nokea
Which is the most important drug in the treatment of organophosphate poisoning?
- A. Atropine sulfate
- B. Pralidoxime
- C. Diazepam
- D. Adrenaline
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Atropine sulfate is the most critical initial treatment for organophosphate poisoning, counteracting muscarinic effects like bronchorrhea and bradycardia, while pralidoxime regenerates cholinesterase later.
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Which of the following drug can cause hypoglycemia:
- A. Acarbose
- B. Glipizide
- C. Metformin
- D. Pramlintide
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Glipizide, a sulfonylurea, can cause hypoglycemia by excessively stimulating insulin release from pancreatic beta cells.
Which person should be treated with prophylactic antitubercular medication?
- A. A child who attends the same school with a child who has tuberculosis
- B. A nurse who is working in a hospital
- C. An individual who is HIV-positive with a negative TB skin test
- D. A patient who has close contact with someone who has tuberculosis
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Close contact with TB warrants prophylaxis; school , hospital work , or HIV without exposure don't. Personal contact with a person having a diagnosis of tuberculosis is required to indicate prophylactic treatment with antitubercular therapy.
Once phosphorylated, the intracellular segment of a receptor tyrosine kinase
- A. Activates adenylate cyclase
- B. Causes dissociation of the ligand from an allosteric binding site
- C. Terminates intracellular signaling cascades
- D. Allows docking of intracellular proteins involved in signal transduction
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Phosphorylation enables docking of signaling proteins, initiating transduction cascades.
The nursing instructor observes several nursing students administer medications to their assigned patients. The instructor would stop what student from administering the medication until the error was corrected?
- A. The student checks the label on the medication against the administration record three times.
- B. The student enters the patient's room and asks the patient Are you Mr. Jones?
- C. The student checks the drug's brand name and generic name before taking it to the patient.
- D. The student documents the medication upon exiting the patient's room
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Asking 'Are you Mr. Jones?' risks misidentification; students must verify identity with two identifiers (e.g., wristband).
Before administering a prescription medication, what information does the nurse find on the drug label? (Select one that does not apply.)
- A. Brand name
- B. Generic name
- C. Drug concentration
- D. Adverse effects
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Prescription drug labels will contain the brand name, generic name, drug concentration, and expiration date. Adverse effects will not be listed on drug labels.