Nokea
Which of the ff symptoms is associated with AIDS related distal sensory polyneuropathy (DSP)?
- A. Staggering gait and muscle incoordination
- B. Abnormal sensations such as burning and numbness
- C. Delusional thinking
- D. Incontinence
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Abnormal sensations such as burning and numbness. In AIDS-related DSP, damage to nerves causes abnormal sensations like burning and numbness. This is due to the progressive nerve damage affecting sensory functions. Staggering gait and muscle incoordination (A) are more common in conditions affecting motor nerves. Delusional thinking (C) is not a symptom of DSP. Incontinence (D) is not typically associated with DSP but may happen in more advanced stages due to loss of sensation.
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Mr. Ramos consulted at the health center for follow up after one month of Isoniazid and Rifampicin. Which diagnostic test will have an abnormal result if the client is taking these medications?
- A. gallbladder studies
- B. thyroid function tests
- C. liver function tests
- D. blood sugar levels
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: liver function tests. Isoniazid and Rifampicin are known to potentially cause hepatotoxicity, leading to abnormal liver function test results. Liver function tests measure enzymes and proteins that indicate liver health. Gallbladder studies (A), thyroid function tests (B), and blood sugar levels (D) are not directly affected by these medications and would not show abnormal results due to their use.
As the surgical incision is closed, who are the personnel in-charge in counting the needles, sponges, and instruments?
- A. the surgeon and anesthesiologist
- B. the surgeon and the registered
- C. the circulating and scrub nurse nurse first assistant
- D. the anesthesiologist and anesthetist
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C - the circulating and scrub nurse first assistant. The circulating nurse is responsible for counting needles, sponges, and instruments during the closing of the surgical incision to ensure nothing is left inside the patient. The scrub nurse first assistant also plays a crucial role in this process by assisting in the counting and keeping track of the items used during the procedure. The other choices are incorrect because the surgeon and anesthesiologist (A) are not typically involved in counting items during the surgical closure, the surgeon and the registered (B) may not have the necessary training for accurate counting, and the anesthesiologist and anesthetist (D) are not directly involved in the surgical closing process.
Alex is taking carbamazepine (tegretol) for seizure disorder. He should be monitored for which of the following potential complications?
- A. adult respiratory distress syndrome
- B. elevated leves of phenytoin (Dilantin)
- C. diplopia
- D. leukocytosis
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: leukocytosis. Carbamazepine can cause bone marrow suppression, leading to leukocytosis. Monitoring for elevated white blood cell count is essential to detect this potential complication early.
A: Adult respiratory distress syndrome is not a common complication of carbamazepine.
B: Elevated levels of phenytoin is not a direct complication of carbamazepine use.
C: Diplopia is a common side effect of carbamazepine, not a potential complication like leukocytosis.
A patient has hand-foot syndrome related to his sickle cell anemia. What findings does the nurse expect to see as the patient is assessed?
- A. Unequal growth of fingers and toes.
- B. Purplish discoloration of hands and feet.
- C. Webbing between fingers and toes.
- D. Deformities of the wrists and ankles.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Purplish discoloration of hands and feet. Hand-foot syndrome in sickle cell anemia is characterized by pain, swelling, and purplish discoloration of the hands and feet due to vaso-occlusive crisis. Unequal growth of fingers and toes (A), webbing between fingers and toes (C), and deformities of wrists and ankles (D) are not typical findings associated with hand-foot syndrome in sickle cell anemia.
A client with cancer is being evaluated for possible metastasis. Which of the following is one of the most common metastasis site for cancer cells?
- A. Liver
- B. Colon
- C. Reproductive tract
- D. White blood cells (WBCs)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Liver. Cancer cells commonly metastasize to the liver due to its rich blood supply, making it an ideal environment for tumor growth. Liver metastasis can occur from various primary cancer sites. The liver filters blood and is susceptible to receiving cancer cells circulating in the bloodstream. Metastasis to the colon (B) is less common as it is typically the primary site for colon cancer. Metastasis to the reproductive tract (C) can occur but is not as common as liver metastasis. White blood cells (D) are a part of the immune system and do not serve as a common site for cancer metastasis.