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Which of the following are ANA standards of clinical nursing practice? Select all that apply.
- A. The nurses practice and actions are guided by hospital policy and regulations.
- B. The nurse maintains patient confidentiality within legal and regulatory parameters.
- C. The nurse is the patient advocate and discourages patients to advocate for themselves.
- D. The nurse delivers care in a nonjudgmental manner that is sensitive to patient diversity
- E. The nurse delivers care in a manner that preserves or protects patient dependency, dignity, and rights.
- F. The nurse seeks available resources to help formulate ethical decisions and use them in practice.
Correct Answer: B,D,F
Rationale: ANA standards include maintaining confidentiality, delivering nonjudgmental care, and using resources for ethical decisions.
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Which of the following are examples of a nurse demonstrating the professional value of altruism? Select all that apply.
- A. The nurse arranges for an interpreter for a patient whose primary language is Spanish.
- B. The nurse calls the physician of a patient whose pain medication is not strong enough.
- C. The nurse provides information for a patient so he is capable of participating in planning his care.
- D. The nurse reviews a patient chart to determine who may be informed of the patients condition.
- E. The nurse documents patient care accurately and honestly and reviews the entry to ensure there are no errors.
- F. The nurse encourages legislation for nationalized healthcare insurance for lowincome families.
Correct Answer: A,B,C,F
Rationale: Altruism involves selfless concern for others. Arranging an interpreter, advocating for pain relief, empowering patient participation, and supporting healthcare access reflect this value.
Which of the following best describes the utilitarian theory of ethics?
- A. If an action is useful, it is ethically correct.
- B. The consequences of an action determine if it is right or wrong.
- C. All actions are either right or wrong, regardless of consequences.
- D. There is no way to determine whether an action is ethical or not.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Utilitarian ethics evaluates actions based on their consequences, aiming for the greatest good.
A nurse using the principle-based approach to patient care seeks to avoid causing harm to patients in all situations. This principle is known as:
- A. nonmaleficence
- B. justice
- C. fidelity
- D. autonomy
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Nonmaleficence is the principle of avoiding harm to patients.
Mrs. Jones always thanks clerks at the grocery store. Her 6-year-old daughter echoes her thank you. The child is demonstrating what mode of value transmission?
- A. modeling
- B. moralizing
- C. reward and punishment
- D. responsible choice
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The child is imitating her mother's behavior, which is an example of modeling, where values are learned by observing others.
A student nurse is working in the library on her plan of care for a clinical assignment. The patients name is written at the top of her plan. What ethical responsibility is the student violating?
- A. confidentiality
- B. accountability
- C. trust
- D. informed consent
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Writing the patient's name publicly violates confidentiality.