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Which of the following statements accurately describe a characteristic of ethics? Select all that apply.
- A. The ability to be ethical begins in young adulthood.
- B. Ethics cannot be defined as a code of professional conduct.
- C. Ethics usually refers to personal or communal standards of right and wrong.
- D. It is important to distinguish ethics from religion, law, custom, and institutional practices.
- E. Values are intimately related to, and direct, ethical conduct.
- F. Ethics is a systematic inquiry into principles of right and wrong conduct.
Correct Answer: A,C,D,E,F
Rationale: Ethics involves standards of right and wrong, is distinct from other domains, is guided by values, and involves systematic inquiry. Ethical ability can begin earlier than young adulthood.
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A patient tells the nurse that he does not want to have a painful procedure. By respecting and supporting the patients right to make decisions, what is the nurse demonstrating?
- A. confidentiality
- B. advocacy
- C. altruism
- D. justice
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Supporting the patient's decision-making demonstrates advocacy for their autonomy.
Which of the following best describes the utilitarian theory of ethics?
- A. If an action is useful, it is ethically correct.
- B. The consequences of an action determine if it is right or wrong.
- C. All actions are either right or wrong, regardless of consequences.
- D. There is no way to determine whether an action is ethical or not.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Utilitarian ethics evaluates actions based on their consequences, aiming for the greatest good.
A nurse in a womens health clinic values abstinence as the best method of birth control. However, she offers compassionate care to unmarried pregnant adolescents. What is the nurse demonstrating?
- A. modeling of value transmission
- B. conflict in values acceptance
- C. nonjudgmental value neutral care
- D. values conflict that may lead to stress
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The nurse is providing care without judgment, demonstrating value-neutral care despite her personal beliefs.
A student nurse is working in the library on her plan of care for a clinical assignment. The patients name is written at the top of her plan. What ethical responsibility is the student violating?
- A. confidentiality
- B. accountability
- C. trust
- D. informed consent
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Writing the patient's name publicly violates confidentiality.
A nurse who forgets to give a patient her medication throws away the medicine and documents that it was dispensed on the patient chart. The nurse then becomes uneasy about her action and vows never to falsify a record again. This is an example of which of the following?
- A. ethical uncertainty
- B. ethical distress
- C. ethical residue
- D. ethical disengagement
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Ethical residue occurs when a nurse feels lingering guilt or unease after an ethically troubling action.