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Which of the following changes is experienced by the urinary system during pregnancy?
- A. Increased urinary output secondary to total body water increase
- B. Decreased bladder capacity
- C. Decreased glomerular filtration rate (GFR) resulting from estrogen and progesterone surge
- D. Increased renal excretion of acidic drugs
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Pregnancy causes an increase in GFR and urinary output due to a higher body water volume and increased bladder capacity.
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A school nurse is planning to assess the visual acuity of the preschool students at the school. Which of the following tests would be used?
- A. Snellen Screening test
- B. Denver Eye Screening test
- C. Ishihara’s test
- D. Cover test
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The Snellen Screening test is commonly used to assess visual acuity in children.
A nurse is collecting data for a family assessment using Gordon’s functional health patterns. The nurse learns that the family has no books in the home to read to the preschool-age children. To which of the following functional health patterns does this information pertain?
- A. Roles-relationship
- B. Cognitive-perceptual
- C. Health-perception–health-management
- D. Self-perception–self-concept
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The cognitive-perceptual pattern relates to how the family perceives language development and cognitive needs, which includes the availability of books for children.
A nurse assesses the cognitive-perceptual pattern of a Type 1 diabetic client. Which finding has implications for the individual’s nursing plan of care?
- A. Decreased sense of hearing
- B. Decreased sense of smell
- C. Decreased sense of taste
- D. Decreased visual acuity
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Visual acuity is essential for insulin administration and monitoring blood glucose, impacting the nursing plan of care.
Which action will most effectively reduce work-related injuries?
- A. "Make the work environment smoke-free."
- B. "Reduce environmental noise levels."
- C. "Conduct regular walk-through assessments at the worksite."
- D. "Increase paid personal days from one to three."
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Smoking increases accident rates, making a smoke-free environment the most effective strategy.
A nurse is providing education about improving self-awareness to a small group of women who have been victims of domestic violence. Which of the following should the nurse recommend the clients do first to improve their self-awareness?
- A. Use self-disclosure to share aspects of self.
- B. Listen to and learn from others.
- C. Listen to oneself and pay attention to emotions, thoughts, and reactions.
- D. Use others to bounce back your own thoughts and recollections.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The first step in improving self-awareness is to listen to oneself and pay attention to emotions, thoughts, and reactions.