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Which of the following clinical manifestations would the nurse expect to find in the client with rhinitis?
- A. Nasal congestion, rhinorrhea and sneezing
- B. Headache, sore throat and sneezing
- C. Nasal congestion, pyrexic and rhinorrhea
- D. Nasal congestion, headache and sore throat
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Rhinitis is inflammation of the nasal mucosa, and common clinical manifestations include nasal congestion (blockage or stuffiness), rhinorrhea (runny nose), and sneezing. These symptoms are often present in both allergic and non-allergic rhinitis. While headaches, sore throat, and fever can occur in some cases, they are not as specific to rhinitis as nasal congestion, rhinorrhea, and sneezing.
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The MOST common reported abuse experienced by nurses in their workplace is
- A. Physical abuse
- B. Financial abuse
- C. Verbal abuse
- D. Sexual abuse
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Verbal abuse is the most common form of abuse experienced by nurses in their workplace. This may include insults, yelling, threats, or intimidation directed towards the nurse. Verbal abuse can have a significant impact on the nurse's mental and emotional well-being, leading to stress, anxiety, and burnout. It is important for healthcare institutions to address and prevent verbal abuse to create a safe and respectful work environment for nurses and other healthcare professionals.
A nurse is advocating for a patient's rights within the healthcare system. What action by the nurse demonstrates advocacy?
- A. Making decisions for the patient without their input
- B. Collaborating with the healthcare team to develop a care plan
- C. Encouraging the patient to follow the healthcare provider's orders
- D. Speaking up on behalf of the patient to ensure their needs are met
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Speaking up on behalf of the patient to ensure their needs are met is a key action that demonstrates advocacy by the nurse. Advocacy involves actively supporting and safeguarding the rights of the patient, ensuring that their best interests are being considered within the healthcare system. This may include advocating for appropriate treatment, services, resources, or respect for the patient's autonomy and decision-making. By speaking up for the patient, the nurse is acting as their voice and championing their well-being.
As nursing students were setting up a health screening at a local community center, they reviewed the need to screen for heart disease and cancer. One student asked, "But colon cancer is prevalent: why aren't we setting up for sigmoidoscopy?" How would Nurse Filomena reply?
- A. "Can find adequate privacy for a sigmoidoscopy?"
- B. "A sigmoidoscopy is expensive to perform and invasive".
- C. "Would you like to perform that test for the screening?".
- D. "What a great idea. Would you like to help arrange it?".
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Performing a sigmoidoscopy, which is a procedure to examine the lower part of the colon and rectum, during a health screening event at a community center may not be practical for several reasons. Firstly, sigmoidoscopy is relatively invasive compared to other screening methods for colon cancer, such as fecal occult blood tests or colonoscopy. Secondly, it can be expensive to perform, especially in a community setting where cost-effectiveness is an important consideration. Therefore, Nurse Filomena would likely point out the invasiveness and cost factors to explain why a sigmoidoscopy may not be suitable for a health screening event at a local community center.
Who should Nurse Sandra consider as a priority for home visitation?
- A. Pedro 9 years old whose parents are both workings
- B. Mellisa 10 years old with stunted growth for her age
- C. Cindy 7 years old who has been absent due to skin lesions
- D. Mike 8 years old who often sleeps during class hour.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Nurse Sandra should consider Cindy, 7 years old who has been absent due to skin lesions, as a priority for home visitation. Skin lesions can indicate potential health issues that need to be addressed promptly. Cindy's frequent absences could be a sign that her condition is affecting her school attendance and overall well-being. By conducting a home visit, Nurse Sandra can assess Cindy's living environment, provide appropriate care recommendations, and ensure that she receives necessary medical attention. This proactive approach can help address Cindy's health concerns and support her academic performance.
A pregnant woman presents with fever, chills, and abdominal pain localized to the right lower quadrant. On examination, she has rebound tenderness and guarding. Which of the following conditions is the most likely cause of these symptoms?
- A. Ectopic pregnancy
- B. Pelvic inflammatory disease
- C. Acute appendicitis
- D. Ovarian torsion
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Acute appendicitis is the most likely cause of the symptoms described in the pregnant woman. The classic presentation of acute appendicitis includes fever, chills, abdominal pain localized to the right lower quadrant, rebound tenderness, and guarding. Pregnant women are at a slightly higher risk of developing appendicitis due to anatomic changes and increased abdominal pressure during pregnancy, which can lead to an atypical presentation of symptoms. Prompt diagnosis and surgical intervention are crucial to prevent complications such as perforation, which can be detrimental for both the mother and the fetus.