Nokea
Which of the following diagnostic studies would NOT indicate a problem related to a reductase inhibitor?
- A. Elevated serum transaminase
- B. Increased serum creatinine
- C. Elevated creatinine kinase
- D. Increased white blood cell counts
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: WBC elevation is unrelated to reductase inhibitors; others indicate liver, kidney, or muscle issues.
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It is reasonable to recommend supplementation with in the treatment of hyperlipidemia.
- A. Omega-3 fatty acids
- B. Probiotics
- C. Plant sterols
- D. Calcium
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Plant sterols reduce LDL cholesterol by inhibiting intestinal cholesterol absorption.
The nurse, assisting with Phase I drug studies, is talking with a woman who asks, Why cant I participate in this study? What would be the nurses best response?
- A. Drugs pose a greater risk to women of reproductive age.
- B. Drugs are only tested on men because they are stronger.
- C. Women are more prone to adverse effects from medications.
- D. Drugs affect women differently than they affect women.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Phase I drug trials usually involve healthy male volunteers because chemicals may exert an unknown and harmful effect on ova in women which could result in fetal damage when the woman becomes pregnant. Drugs are tested on both men and women, but women must be fully informed of risks and sign a consent stating they understand the potential for birth defects. Women are not more prone to adverse effects of medications. Although some drugs may affect women differently than men, this is a rationale for why drugs need to be tested on women, not an explanation of why women are not included in a Phase I study.
Rabi is being prescribed phenytoin for seizures. Monitoring includes assessing:
- A. For phenytoin hypersensitivity syndrome 3 to 8 weeks after starting treatment
- B. For pedal edema throughout therapy
- C. Heart rate at each visit and consider altering therapy if heart rate is less than 60 bpm
- D. For vision changes, such as red-green blindness, at least annually
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Phenytoin hypersensitivity syndrome can occur 3-8 weeks post-initiation.
Sally has been prescribed aspirin 320 mg per day for her atrial fibrillation. She also takes aspirin four or more times a day for arthritis pain. What are the symptoms of aspirin toxicity for which she would need to be evaluated?
- A. Tinnitus
- B. Diarrhea
- C. Hearing loss
- D. Photosensitivity
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Tinnitus is an early sign of aspirin toxicity (salicylism); diarrhea or photosensitivity are less specific, and hearing loss is later.
BZDs may be used in following situations EXCEPT:
- A. Anaesthesia
- B. Anxiety
- C. Floppy infant syndrome
- D. Epilepsy
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Benzodiazepines (BZDs) are used in anesthesia, anxiety, and epilepsy, but floppy infant syndrome is a side effect of maternal BZD use, not a condition treated with them.