Nokea
Which of the following drug has the ability to produce hypogliceic effect via closure of ATP-sensitive channels
- A. Glipizide
- B. Metformin
- C. Acarbose
- D. Pramlintide
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Glipizide, a sulfonylurea, closes ATP-sensitive K+ channels, stimulating insulin release.
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The processes involved in dynamic equilibrium are key elements in the nurse's ability to determine what?
- A. Dosage scheduling
- B. Amount of solution for mixing parenteral drugs
- C. Timing of other drugs the patient is taking
- D. How long the patient has to take the drug
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: These processes are key elements in determining the amount of drug (dose) and the frequency of dose repetition (scheduling) required to achieve the critical concentration for the desired length of time. The processes in dynamic equilibrium are not key elements in determining the amount of diluents for intramuscular (IM) drugs; they do not aid in the timing of the other drugs the patient is taking or how long the patient has to take the drug.
Frusemide is:
- A. A loop diuretic
- B. Osmotic diuretic
- C. Aldosterone antagonist
- D. A carbonic anhydrase inhibitor
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Furosemide (Frusemide) is a loop diuretic that inhibits sodium and chloride reabsorption in the loop of Henle, leading to increased urine output.
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and is starting Repaglinide. Which of the following statements by the client indicates understanding of the administration of this medication?
- A. I'll take this medicine with my meals.
- B. I'll take this medicine 30 minutes before I eat.
- C. I'll take this medicine just before I go to bed.
- D. I'll take this medicine as soon as I wake up in the morning.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Repaglinide is taken 15-30 minutes before meals to control postprandial glucose.
Potentially fatal granulocytopenia has been associated with treatment of hyperthyroidism with propylthiouracil. Patients should be taught to report:
- A. Tinnitus and decreased salivation
- B. Fever and sore throat
- C. Hypocalcemia and osteoporosis
- D. Laryngeal edema and difficulty swallowing
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Fever and sore throat signal granulocytopenia with propylthiouracil; other symptoms are unrelated.
NSAIDs increase the risk of CNS adverse effects when taken with which group of antibiotics?
- A. Macrolides
- B. Penicillins
- C. Aminoglycosides
- D. Quinolones
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Quinolones (e.g., ciprofloxacin) with NSAIDs can increase CNS effects like seizures due to GABA inhibition.