Nokea
Which of the following drugs is associated with Stevens-Johnson syndrome?
- A. Valproic acid
- B. Quinidine
- C. Isoniazid
- D. Ethosuximide
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Step 1: Ethosuximide is the correct answer as it is a known trigger for Stevens-Johnson syndrome due to its association with hypersensitivity reactions.
Step 2: Valproic acid can cause liver toxicity but is not typically linked to Stevens-Johnson syndrome.
Step 3: Quinidine is associated with drug-induced lupus but not commonly known to cause Stevens-Johnson syndrome.
Step 4: Isoniazid is linked to drug-induced hepatitis but not typically associated with Stevens-Johnson syndrome.
In summary, Ethosuximide is the correct choice due to its well-documented association with Stevens-Johnson syndrome, while the other options are linked to different adverse effects.
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Which of the following drugs is associated with hepatitis as a reaction?
- A. Valproic acid
- B. Quinidine
- C. Isoniazid
- D. Ethosuximide
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Correct Answer: C (Isoniazid)
Rationale:
1. Isoniazid is known to cause drug-induced hepatitis due to its hepatotoxic effects.
2. It can lead to liver inflammation, causing hepatitis as a reaction.
3. Regular monitoring of liver function tests is essential when using isoniazid.
Summary of other choices:
A. Valproic acid: Can cause hepatotoxicity but not specifically linked to hepatitis.
B. Quinidine: Mainly known for cardiac side effects, not commonly associated with hepatitis.
D. Ethosuximide: Primarily used for treating absence seizures, not typically associated with hepatitis.
Which of the following is classified as a class IA Sodium Channel blocker?
- A. Quinidine
- B. Disopyramide
- C. Aminodarone
- D. Propafenone
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Quinidine. Quinidine is a class IA antiarrhythmic drug that blocks sodium channels in a use-dependent manner, which means it preferentially blocks channels that are open or have a rapid firing rate during depolarization. This action results in a decrease in conduction velocity and refractory period. Disopyramide is a class IA antiarrhythmic but does not specifically block sodium channels. Amiodarone is a class III antiarrhythmic that primarily affects potassium channels. Propafenone is a class IC antiarrhythmic that has minimal effects on sodium channel blockade. Therefore, Quinidine is the correct choice as a class IA sodium channel blocker.
Which of the following is not a side effect associated with Prednisone toxicity?
- A. Cataracts
- B. Hypotension
- C. Psychosis
- D. Acne
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Hypotension. Prednisone toxicity typically causes hypertension, not hypotension. Prednisone can lead to increased blood pressure due to its sodium-retaining effects. Cataracts (A), Psychosis (C), and Acne (D) are all known side effects of Prednisone toxicity. Cataracts can form due to long-term steroid use, psychosis can occur especially at higher doses, and acne is a common skin side effect. Therefore, hypotension is the odd one out among the choices given.
Which of the following conditions is not treated with Methotrexate?
- A. Sarcomas
- B. Leukemias
- C. Ectopic pregnancy
- D. Rheumatic fever
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Rheumatic fever. Methotrexate is not typically used to treat rheumatic fever as it is an autoimmune inflammatory condition, not typically responsive to Methotrexate. Methotrexate is commonly used to treat sarcomas, leukemias, and ectopic pregnancies due to its ability to inhibit cell proliferation. Sarcomas and leukemias are types of cancers, while ectopic pregnancy is a condition where a fertilized egg implants outside the uterus.
Which of the following conditions are not treated with Barbiturates?
- A. Seizures
- B. Hypotension
- C. Insomnia
- D. Anxiety
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Barbiturates are central nervous system depressants used to treat seizures, insomnia, and anxiety. However, they can worsen hypotension as they can cause vasodilation and decrease blood pressure. Choice B is correct because using barbiturates in hypotensive patients can lead to further lowering of blood pressure, potentially causing harm. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect as barbiturates are commonly used to treat seizures, insomnia, and anxiety, respectively, due to their sedative and anticonvulsant properties.