Nokea
Which of the following drugs is used to accelerate pulmonary maturation in the fetus in women with premature labor?
- A. Aminoglutethimide
- B. Betamethasone
- C. Mifepristone
- D. Misoprostol
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Betamethasone, a glucocorticoid, is administered to enhance fetal lung maturation by stimulating surfactant production in preterm labor.
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When prescribing temazepam (Restoril) for insomnia, patient education includes:
- A. Take temazepam nightly approximately 15 minutes before bedtime.
- B. Temazepam should not be used more than three times a week for less than 3 months.
- C. Drinking 1 ounce of alcohol will cause additive effects and the patient will sleep better.
- D. Exercise for at least 30 minutes within 2 hours of bedtime to enhance the effects of temazepam.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Temazepam is recommended short-term (e.g., ≤3 times/week) to avoid dependence.
The nurse is assessing a diabetic patient who has presented at the clinic reporting several hypoglycemic episodes during the past 3 weeks. The nurse questions the patient about the use of herbal or alternative therapies, suspecting what herbal remedy could cause the hypoglycemic episodes?
- A. St. John's wort
- B. Kava
- C. Fish oil
- D. Ginseng
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Ginseng is known to decrease blood sugar levels. If the patient used this in combination with his or her oral antidiabetic agent, diet, and exercise, his or her blood sugar could drop below therapeutic levels. St. John's wort interacts with many drugs, but not with antidiabetic agents. Kava is associated with liver toxicity. Fish oil has been associated with decreased coronary artery disease.
The mean weight of 500 college students is 70 kg and the standard deviation is 3 kg. Assuming that the weight is normally distributed, determine how many students weigh less than 64 kg.
- A. 5
- B. 11
- C. 15
- D. 20
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Z-score: (64-70)/3 = -2. P(Z < -2) = 1 - P(Z ≤ 2). Using standard tables, P(Z ≤ 2) ≈ 0.9772, so P(Z < -2) = 1 - 0.9772 = 0.0228 (document says 0.02128, likely a typo). Then, 0.0228 * 500 ≈ 11, matching the document.
The Vaccine Adverse Events Reporting System is:
- A. A mandatory reporting system for all health-care providers when they encounter an adverse vaccine event
- B. A voluntary reporting system that health-care providers or consumers may use to report vaccine adverse events
- C. Utilized to send out safety alerts regarding emerging vaccine safety issues
- D. Activated when a vaccine has been proven to cause significant adverse effects
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: VAERS is a voluntary system for reporting vaccine ADRs by providers or consumers, not mandatory or alert-only .
The nurse promotes optimal drug effectiveness by doing what? (Select one that does not apply.)
- A. Incorporate basic history and physical assessment factors into the plan of care.
- B. Evaluate the effectiveness of drugs after they have been administered.
- C. Modify the drug regimen to modify adverse or intolerable effects.
- D. Minimize the number of medications administered to patients.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Incorporate basic history and physical assessment factors into any plan of care so that obvious problems can be identified and handled promptly. If a drug simply does not do what it is expected to do, further examine the factors that are known to influence drug effects. Frequently, the drug regimen can be modified to deal with that influence. Minimizing the number of medications administered is usually not an option because each drug is ordered for a reason of necessity for the patient.