Nokea
Which of the following epithelial types is correctly matched with its major function?
- A. Simple squamous epithelium — secretion or absorption
- B. Stratified squamous epithelium — changes shape when stretched
- C. Stratified squamous epithelium — diffusion
- D. Simple columnar epithelium — secretion or absorption
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. Simple columnar epithelium is matched correctly with its major function of secretion or absorption. Simple squamous epithelium is best suited for diffusion due to its thin structure, while stratified squamous epithelium is mainly for protection against mechanical stress and pathogens. Stratified squamous epithelium does not function primarily in diffusion. Therefore, understanding the structure and function relationship of different epithelial types is crucial for correctly identifying their major functions.
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Which hormone is responsible for preparing the endometrium of the uterus for pregnancy?
- A. FSH
- B. Estrogen
- C. LH
- D. Progesterone
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Estrogen is the hormone responsible for initiating the preparation of the endometrium of the uterus for pregnancy. Estrogen helps thicken the endometrial lining, which is crucial for the implantation of a fertilized egg. It plays a vital role in the menstrual cycle and is primarily produced by the ovaries.
What separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity?
- A. Diaphragm
- B. Mediastinum
- C. Liver
- D. Lungs
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Diaphragm. The diaphragm is a dome-shaped muscle that plays a crucial role in respiration by separating the thoracic cavity, which contains the heart and lungs, from the abdominal cavity, which houses organs such as the liver, stomach, and intestines. The mediastinum is a central compartment in the thoracic cavity that houses the heart, major blood vessels, esophagus, trachea, and thymus. The liver and lungs are organs within their respective cavities but do not directly separate the thoracic and abdominal cavities.
Which structure of the nervous system carries action potential in the direction of a synapse?
- A. cell body
- B. axon
- C. neuron
- D. myelin
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: axon. The axon is a long, slender projection of a neuron that conducts electrical impulses away from the neuron's cell body towards other neurons or target cells, such as muscles or glands, including towards a synapse. The cell body contains the nucleus and other organelles but does not carry action potentials. While a neuron is the overall structural and functional unit of the nervous system, the axon is specifically responsible for transmitting action potentials.
Which of the following are functions of the skeletal system? (Select one that does not apply.)
- A. Support the body
- B. Hemopoiesis
- C. Conduct impulses
- D. Provide protection
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C, 'Conduct impulses.' The skeletal system's primary functions include supporting the body, hemopoiesis (blood cell production), and providing protection to internal organs. Conducting impulses is a function of the nervous system, not the skeletal system. The skeletal system serves as the framework for the body, enabling movement, protecting vital organs, producing blood cells, storing minerals, and supporting the overall structure of the body.
Which stratum of the epidermis is found only in thick skin?
- A. Lucidum.
- B. Corneum.
- C. Basale.
- D. Granulosum.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: