Nokea
Which of the following inactivates pepsinogen into active pepsin?
- A. Ptyalin.
- B. HCL.
- C. Bile.
- D. Renin.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hydrochloric acid (HCL) in the stomach activates pepsinogen, converting it into its active form, pepsin.
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Bilirubin and biliverdin are formed in-
- A. Kidney
- B. Liver
- C. Salivary glands
- D. Stomach
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Bilirubin and biliverdin are bile pigments formed in the liver from hemoglobin breakdown.
Match each term with the correct description: waste liquid containing water, salts, and wastes
- A. urethra
- B. urinary system
- C. bladder
- D. urine
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Urine is the waste liquid containing water, salts, and metabolic wastes.
What is the site of amino acids absorption in human's small intestine?
- A. Duodenum
- B. Jejunum
- C. Ileum
- D. Both (2) and (3)
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Amino acids are absorbed mainly in the jejunum and ileum of the small intestine.
The intestine has a large surface area. Why?
- A. To make the passage of nutrients through the intestine faster
- B. To make the passage of nutrients through the intestine slower
- C. To make absorption of nutrients more efficient
- D. To make the absorption of nutrients slower
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A large surface area, due to villi and microvilli, enhances nutrient absorption efficiency.
Cardiac glands of stomach, all true except:
- A. Present in the narrow band 10-40 mm wide around the esophageal orifice
- B. Lined by secreting cells that secrete mucous and few lysozymes
- C. Few parietal cells for HCL secretion and some enteroendocrine cells that secrete gastrin.
- D. Pits are relatively deep, occupying one half of the thickness of the mucosa
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Cardiac gland pits are shallow, not deep, occupying less than half the mucosal thickness, unlike fundic glands.