Nokea
Which of the following is NOT a part of the community assessment process?
- A. Identifying available resources such as time, money, and team skills
- B. Setting action priorities based on the needs of the community and available resources
- C. Withholding results from the community until they can be statistically confirmed to avoid alarming people
- D. Collecting and analyzing information
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because withholding results from the community until they can be statistically confirmed goes against the principles of community assessment. Here's why:
1. Transparency is key in community assessment to build trust and collaboration.
2. Sharing preliminary findings can engage the community in the process.
3. Waiting for statistical confirmation unnecessarily delays action and may lead to missed opportunities for intervention.
4. While ensuring accuracy is important, it should not come at the cost of excluding the community from the process.
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Which of these is an example of a phenomenological community?
- A. Greenwich Village senior center
- B. NYC council district
- C. Gramercy Green residents
- D. Online support group for cancer survivors
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because an online support group for cancer survivors represents a phenomenological community where individuals share similar lived experiences and perspectives related to cancer. This community is based on subjective interpretations and meanings attached to their shared experiences, fostering a sense of belonging and understanding among members. In contrast, choices A, B, and C are not phenomenological communities as they are based on geographical proximity (Greenwich Village senior center, NYC council district) or residential location (Gramercy Green residents), which do not necessarily imply shared lived experiences or subjective interpretations.
Barriers to a patient's engagement in self-care include all of the following except:
- A. Mental health issues
- B. Lack of knowledge
- C. High health literacy
- D. Financial issues
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: High health literacy. High health literacy actually facilitates a patient's engagement in self-care by enabling them to understand health information and make informed decisions. Mental health issues, lack of knowledge, and financial issues are barriers as they can affect a patient's ability to effectively manage their own care. Mental health issues may result in poor motivation or cognitive impairment, lack of knowledge can lead to incorrect practices, and financial issues can limit access to necessary resources.
Why is epidemiologic data useful in the planning phase of the community assessment process?
- A. Help discover the patterns of health and illness distribution in a population.
- B. Help construct benchmarks to gauge achievement of program objectives.
- C. Identify the population at risk.
- D. Explain the nature of the health problem.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because epidemiologic data helps in understanding the patterns of health and illness distribution in a population, which is essential for planning effective community health interventions. By analyzing these patterns, public health planners can identify priorities and tailor interventions to address specific needs.
Choice B is incorrect because while epidemiologic data can help in setting benchmarks, it is not the primary purpose in the planning phase. Choice C is incorrect as identifying the population at risk is just one aspect of using epidemiologic data and not the main reason for its usefulness in planning. Choice D is incorrect because while epidemiologic data can provide insights into the nature of health problems, it is not the main reason for its utility in the planning phase.
Joseph, a 45-year-old community resident of Baranggay 22-A, suddenly had 2 bouts of soft to almost watery stools after having lunch. While observing his condition at home to decide whether to refer him for medical treatment, you recommended that he boil a decoction of 10-15 leaves of what medicinal plant for 15 minutes on low heat?
- A. Bayabas
- B. Pancit pacitan
- C. Sambong
- D. Lagundi
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Bayabas. Step-by-step rationale:
1. Bayabas (guava) has antimicrobial properties that can help in treating diarrhea.
2. Boiling a decoction of bayabas leaves can help alleviate Joseph's symptoms due to its astringent properties.
3. The astringent properties of bayabas can help firm up loose stools.
4. Bayabas is commonly used in traditional medicine for gastrointestinal issues like diarrhea.
Summary of other choices:
B: Pancit pacitan - Not commonly used for treating diarrhea.
C: Sambong - More commonly used for urinary tract infections, not diarrhea.
D: Lagundi - More commonly used for respiratory issues, not gastrointestinal problems.
Identifying that numerous factors influence chronic illnesses such as hypertension, which of the following would be an upstream factor to enhance health outcomes for adults with hypertension in the community?
- A. Nutritional classes featuring low-fat and low-carb choices.
- B. Motivational interviewing sessions for smoking cessation.
- C. Working with the public health department to restrict smoking in public.
- D. Initiating chair yoga classes for seniors in the community.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because working with the public health department to restrict smoking in public is an upstream factor that addresses the root cause of hypertension by reducing exposure to a risk factor (smoking). This approach focuses on population-level interventions to prevent the development of chronic illnesses.
A is incorrect as nutritional classes address individual behaviors, not population-level factors. B focuses on individual behavior change related to smoking, which is downstream from the root cause of hypertension. D is also incorrect as chair yoga classes, while beneficial for seniors, do not address the underlying factors contributing to hypertension in the community.