Nokea
Which of the following is not a typical clinical manifestation of multiple sclerosis (MS)?
- A. Double vision
- B. Sudden bursts of energy
- C. Weakness in the extremities
- D. Muscle tremors
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Sudden bursts of energy are not associated with MS. Fatigue, weakness, and muscle tremors are common symptoms.
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Which of the following is not a side effect of dopamine agonists?
- A. Drowsiness
- B. Nausea
- C. Impulse control disorder
- D. Livedo reticularis
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Livedo reticularis is not a side effect of dopamine agonists. Common side effects include drowsiness, nausea, and impulse control disorders.
Like the brain, the spinal cord is surrounded by bone, meninges, and ________.
- A. cerebrospinal fluid
- B. white matter
- C. gray matter
- D. water
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The spinal cord, like the brain, is protected by bone (vertebrae), meninges, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). CSF provides cushioning, nutrients, and waste removal for the central nervous system. White matter and gray matter are components of the spinal cord's internal structure, while water is not a specific protective element. Therefore, cerebrospinal fluid is the correct answer.
Mr. Singer has been placed on a regimen of bed rest and is scheduled for a hip replacement because of severe rheumatoid arthritis. Which of the following would be most important to include in the nursing care plan preoperatively?
- A. Adequate periods of rest
- B. Active and passive range-of-motion exercises
- C. Maintenance of adequate fluid and food
- D. Frequent turning and repositioning
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Range-of-motion exercises help maintain joint function and reduce stiffness.
Which one of the following is the correct sequence of events that follows a threshold potential: 1. the membrane becomes depolarized 2. sodium channels open and sodium ions diffuse inward 3. the membrane becomes repolarized 4. potassium channels open and potassium ions diffuse outward while sodium is actively transported out of the cell
- A. 3,2,4,1
- B. 2,1,4,3
- C. 2,1,3,4
- D. 1,2,4,3
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct sequence is: sodium channels open and sodium ions diffuse inward (2), the membrane becomes depolarized (1), potassium channels open and potassium ions diffuse outward while sodium is actively transported out of the cell (4), and the membrane becomes repolarized (3). Thus, B is the correct answer.
While Susan's medication is being adjusted, which of the following aspects of nursing assessment would be most important to document?
- A. Muscular strength following medication administration
- B. Elimination patterns
- C. Emotional response to her diagnosis
- D. State of consciousness
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Muscle strength is directly affected by myasthenia gravis and its treatment.