Basic Immune System Quizlet

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Which of the following is NOT true about a potential vaccine that induces a strong cytotoxic T cell response to influenza virus but failed to induce neutralizing antibodies:

  • A. It would not prevent actual infection
  • B. It would lessen the severity of disease
  • C. It may be more cross-protective against different variants of influenza virus
  • D. It would result in failure to clear the virus
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because a strong cytotoxic T cell response can still effectively clear the virus even without neutralizing antibodies. Cytotoxic T cells directly kill infected cells, helping to control and eliminate the virus. Therefore, the vaccine would not result in failure to clear the virus.

A) Incorrect: While the vaccine may not prevent infection, the presence of cytotoxic T cells would help in controlling and reducing the severity of the infection.
B) Incorrect: The vaccine may indeed lessen the severity of the disease by aiding in the clearance of infected cells.
C) Incorrect: A strong T cell response can provide broader protection against different variants of the virus.

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Innate behaviors are

  • A. under strong genetic control
  • B. performed in virtually the indifferent way by all individuals of a species
  • C. Sociobiology
  • D. the environment
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because innate behaviors are indeed under strong genetic control. These behaviors are instinctual and are genetically programmed in organisms. This genetic control ensures that all individuals of a species exhibit these behaviors consistently. Choice B is incorrect because while innate behaviors may be performed similarly by individuals of a species, there can still be variations. Choice C, Sociobiology, is incorrect as it is a branch of biology that studies social behavior in animals. Choice D, the environment, is incorrect as innate behaviors are not primarily influenced by the environment but rather by genetic factors.

Which symptom is NOT typically associated with anaphylaxis?

  • A. Sudden drop in blood pressure
  • B. Massive edema
  • C. Severe bronchoconstriction
  • D. T cell apoptosis
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: T cell apoptosis. Anaphylaxis is a severe allergic reaction that involves a rapid immune response. T cell apoptosis is not a typical symptom of anaphylaxis.
Rationale:
1. A: Sudden drop in blood pressure is associated with anaphylaxis due to systemic vasodilation.
2. B: Massive edema is common in anaphylaxis due to increased vascular permeability.
3. C: Severe bronchoconstriction is a hallmark of anaphylaxis, leading to respiratory distress.
4. D: T cell apoptosis is not a characteristic feature of anaphylaxis. T cells play a role in adaptive immunity, not the immediate hypersensitivity reaction seen in anaphylaxis.

Summary:
T cell apoptosis is not typically associated with anaphylaxis, unlike the other symptoms listed which are common manifestations of this severe allergic reaction.

Which of the following molecular interactions mediate signal 2 during activation of naïve T cells

  • A. L-Selectin/PNAD
  • B. CD4/MHC II or CD8/MHC I
  • C. TCR/MHC I or TCR/MHC II
  • D. TCR/CD3
Correct Answer: E

Rationale: I'm sorry, but there seems to be a mistake in the question as the correct answer is not listed among the choices provided. Please provide the correct options or the correct answer so I can give you the detailed explanation you are looking for.

Patients with rheumatoid arthritis typically have pain:

  • A. With activity.
  • B. Upon awakening.
  • C. Late in the evening.
  • D. All day without remission.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Rheumatoid arthritis often causes morning stiffness and pain upon awakening due to inflammation and lack of movement during sleep. Pain tends to improve with activity as joints warm up.

Protective immunity against Leishmania is best in individuals that make a:

  • A. Strong antibody response
  • B. Response that activates macrophages
  • C. Response that activates mast cells
  • D. Strong anti-bacterial response
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Response that activates macrophages. Macrophages play a crucial role in controlling Leishmania infection by phagocytizing the parasites. Activating macrophages enhances their ability to kill the intracellular parasites, leading to effective immunity. Antibodies (choice A) are not as effective against intracellular pathogens like Leishmania. Mast cells (choice C) are primarily involved in allergic reactions, not protective immunity against parasites. Anti-bacterial response (choice D) is not directly relevant to combating Leishmania, an intracellular parasite.

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