Nokea
Which of the following is one of the discharge criteria from ambulatory surgery for patients following surgery?
- A. Able to drive self home
- B. IV narcotics given less than 30 minutes
- C. Has home telephone before discharge
- D. Understands discharge instructions
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Understanding discharge instructions is one of the key criteria for discharging patients following surgery in an ambulatory setting. It ensures that the patient comprehends how to care for themselves post-surgery and reduces the risk of complications or the need for readmission. While the other options may also be important factors, having a clear understanding of discharge instructions is crucial for the patient's recovery and overall well-being.
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Which medication is most likely included in post-operative care of a child with repair of bladder exstrophy?
- A. Lasix
- B. Mannitol
- C. Meperidine
- D. Oxybutynin
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Oxybutynin helps control bladder spasms and improves comfort after urinary reconstructive surgery.
Tara is an 11-year-old girl diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM). She asks her attending nurse why she can't take a pill rather than shots like her grandmother does. Which of the following would be the nurse's best reply?
- A. "If your blood glucose levels are controlled, you can switch to using pills."
- B. "The pills correct fat and protein metabolism, not carbohydrate metabolism."
- C. "Your body does not make insulin, so the insulin injections help to replace it."
- D. "The pills work on the adult pancreas, you can switch when you are 18."
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The nurse's best reply would be option C, "Your body does not make insulin, so the insulin injections help to replace it." This response directly addresses Tara's question about why she needs insulin injections instead of pills. In type 1 diabetes mellitus, the body's immune system mistakenly attacks the beta cells in the pancreas that produce insulin. As a result, individuals with type 1 DM do not produce insulin, so they require insulin injections to replace the missing hormone. Unlike type 2 diabetes where oral medications can be used to manage the condition, individuals with type 1 diabetes rely on insulin injections to regulate their blood glucose levels.
Nurse Dennis provides health promotion to a group of male adults. He is correct when he states that clients with cirrhosis should include which measure to adhere to a home?
- A. supplemet with daily multivitamins
- B. take sleeping pills at home
- C. limit daily alcohol intake
- D. limit contact at all times
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Clients with cirrhosis, which is a serious liver condition, should avoid or limit their alcohol intake. Alcohol can worsen liver damage and lead to further complications such as liver failure. Nurse Dennis is correct in advising clients with cirrhosis to adhere to this measure in order to promote their health and reduce the progression of the disease. Taking daily multivitamins can be beneficial for some individuals, but limiting alcohol intake is crucial for those with cirrhosis. Taking sleeping pills at home without medical supervision can also be dangerous, as it may interact with other medications and worsen liver function. Limiting contact at all times is not relevant to managing cirrhosis.
Which of the ff should a client with auto immune disorder be advised to avoid?
- A. Resting during the periods of severe exacerbation
- B. Regular exercise during the periods of remission
- C. Being in crowds during the periods of immunosuppression
- D. Humid environment during the periods of remission
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Clients with autoimmune disorders often experience periods of immunosuppression, where their immune system is compromised and less effective at fighting off infections. Being in crowded places increases the risk of exposure to infectious agents, which can pose a greater threat to individuals with weakened immune systems. It is important for clients with autoimmune disorders to avoid crowds during periods of immunosuppression to reduce the risk of infections and other complications.
The nurse is assessing a child with croup and a sore throat in the ED. The child is drooling and agitated. The nurse should know that examining the child's throat using a tongue depressor might precipitate which of the following?
- A. Profuse coughing
- B. Inspiratory stridor
- C. Complete obstruction
- D. Increased agitation
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: When assessing a child with croup who is drooling and agitated, the nurse should be aware that examining the throat using a tongue depressor can potentially precipitate a complete airway obstruction. Croup is characterized by upper airway inflammation, particularly around the larynx and trachea, leading to a barking cough, hoarseness, and respiratory distress. In a child with croup who is already showing signs of airway compromise such as drooling and agitation, any manipulation in the throat area can cause further swelling and lead to a complete obstruction of the airway. This can be a life-threatening emergency requiring immediate intervention to secure the airway and ensure adequate oxygenation. Therefore, utmost caution should be taken when performing any procedures that may exacerbate the child's respiratory distress in this situation.