Nokea
Which of the following is the correct sequence in a typical reflex arc:
- A. effector, afferent neuron, integration centre, efferent neuron, receptor
- B. receptor, afferent neuron, integration centre, efferent neuron, effector
- C. effector, efferent neuron, integration centre, afferent neuron, receptor
- D. receptor, efferent neuron, integration centre, afferent neuron, effector
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct sequence in a reflex arc is: receptor detects the stimulus, afferent neuron transmits the signal to the integration center, efferent neuron carries the response signal, and effector produces the response. Therefore, B is the correct answer.
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When assessing a patient's mental status, the nurse should:
- A. Evaluate the patient's orientation, memory, and cognitive function.
- B. Measure the patient's blood pressure.
- C. Inspect the patient's skin for abnormalities.
- D. Check the patient's respiratory rate.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Mental status assessment involves evaluating orientation, memory, and cognitive function. Blood pressure, skin inspection, and respiratory rate are unrelated to mental status.
Which lobe is most closely associated with visual processing?
- A. frontal
- B. temporal
- C. parietal
- D. occipital
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The occipital lobe is the primary area of the brain responsible for visual processing. It contains the visual cortex, which processes information from the eyes and interprets it as images. Damage to the occipital lobe can result in visual impairments, such as blindness or difficulty recognizing objects. The occipital lobe works in conjunction with other brain regions to integrate visual information with other sensory inputs.
What should the nurse include in the teaching plan for the patient with SLE?
- A. Ways to avoid exposure to sunlight
- B. Increasing dietary protein and carbohydrate intake
- C. The necessity of genetic counseling before planning a family
- D. The use of nonpharmacologic pain interventions instead of analgesics
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Sun avoidance minimizes flare-ups.
The patient is told by the health care provider that the size of the patient's muscle has decreased. How should the nurse document this occurrence?
- A. Hyaline
- B. Atrophy
- C. Isometric
- D. Hypertrophy
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Atrophy refers to muscle shrinkage.
Hemiplegia, hemianesthesia & hemianopia develop together with disease in the:
- A. spinal cord
- B. internal capsule
- C. thalamus
- D. brainstem
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Internal capsule is the correct answer because it contains ascending and descending nerve fibers that transmit motor and sensory information between the brain and the spinal cord. Damage to the internal capsule can result in hemiplegia (paralysis on one side), hemianesthesia (sensory loss on one side), and hemianopia (visual field loss on one side) due to the dense concentration of these fibers in this region.