Nokea
Which of the following is the primary consideration with clients taking antidepressants?
- A. Decreased mobility
- B. Emotional changes
- C. Suicide
- D. Increased sleep
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Suicide is always a primary consideration when treating clients with depression due to the risk of worsening symptoms or medication-related effects.
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How should the nurse respond to a family member who asks how Alzheimer's disease is diagnosed?
- A. It is impossible to know for certain that a person has Alzheimer's disease until the person dies and his or her brain can be examined via autopsy.
- B. Positron emission tomography (PET) scans can identify the amyloid plaques and tangles of Alzheimer's disease in living clients.
- C. Alzheimer's disease can be diagnosed by using chemical markers that demonstrate decreased cerebral blood flow.
- D. It will be necessary for the patient to undergo positron emission tomography (PET) scans regularly for a long period of time to know if the patient has Alzheimer's disease.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Positron emission tomography (PET) scans can identify the amyloid plaques and tangles of Alzheimer's disease in living clients, allowing diagnosis without autopsy. Decreased cerebral blood flow is not specific to Alzheimer's, and regular PET scans are not necessary for diagnosis.
A client with severe and persistent mental illness has been taking antipsychotic medication for 20 years. The nurse observes that the client's behavior includes repetitive movements of the mouth and tongue, facial grimacing, and rocking back and forth. The nurse recognizes these behaviors as indicative of
- A. Extrapyramidal side effects
- B. Loss of voluntary muscle control
- C. Posturing
- D. Tardive dyskinesia
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: These behaviors are classic signs of tardive dyskinesia, a syndrome of permanent involuntary movements commonly caused by long-term use of conventional antipsychotic drugs.
The nurse has completed health teaching about dietary restrictions for a client taking a monoamine oxidase inhibitor. The nurse will know that teaching has been effective by which of the following client statements?
- A. I'm glad I can eat pizza since it's my favorite food.
- B. I must follow this diet or I will have severe vomiting.
- C. It will be difficult for me to avoid pepperoni.
- D. None of the foods that are restricted are part of a regular daily diet.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Pepperoni contains tyramine, which must be avoided when taking MAOIs to prevent hypertensive crisis, indicating effective understanding of dietary restrictions.
A client has a lithium level of 1.2 mEq/L. Which of the following interventions by the nurse is indicated?
- A. Call the physician for an increase in dosage.
- B. Do not give the next dose, and call the physician.
- C. Increase fluid intake for the next week.
- D. No intervention is necessary at this time.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A lithium level of 1.2 mEq/L is within the therapeutic range (0.5-1.5 mEq/L), so no intervention is necessary.
Which of the following medications rarely causes extrapyramidal side effects (EPS)?
- A. Ziprasidone (Geodon)
- B. Chlorpromazine (Thorazine)
- C. Haloperidol (Haldol)
- D. Fluphenazine (Prolixin)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Atypical antipsychotics like ziprasidone rarely cause EPS compared to first-generation antipsychotics like chlorpromazine, haloperidol, and fluphenazine.