Nokea
Which of the following IV catheters with plastic cannulas are the smallest in diameter?
- A. 16 g
- B. 18 g
- C. 21 g
- D. 25 g
- E. 29 g
Correct Answer: E
Rationale: Smaller gauge numbers indicate larger diameters; $29 \mathrm{~g}$ is the smallest diameter.
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Match each IV fluid with the appropriate term that accurately describes the solution's tonicity: D5W
- A. Isotonic
- B. Hypotonic
- C. Hypertonic
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: D5W is initially isotonic but becomes hypotonic as dextrose is metabolized, causing fluid to enter cells.
The health care provider has ordered the IV to infuse at 30 mL/hr. The tubing's drop factor is 60. Calculate the gravity infusion rate.
Correct Answer: 30 gtt/min
Rationale: Formula: (30 mL ? 60 gtt/mL) ÷ 60 min = 1800 ÷ 60 = 30 gtt/min.
Match each IV fluid with the appropriate term that accurately describes the solution's tonicity: D5\%NS
- A. Isotonic
- B. Hypotonic
- C. Hypertonic
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: D5%NS is hypertonic due to added dextrose, increasing osmolarity above plasma.
Match each IV fluid with the appropriate term that accurately describes the solution's tonicity: LR
- A. Isotonic
- B. Hypotonic
- C. Hypertonic
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Lactated Ringer's (LR) is isotonic, closely mimicking plasma osmolarity.
Which vascular access device(s) is(are) commonly used for scalp veins in newborns?
- A. Butterfly needle
- B. Intracath
- C. Central line
- D. PICC line
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Butterfly needles are small and ideal for accessing delicate scalp veins in newborns.