Nokea
Which of the following neurotransmitters is progressively lost in Parkinson's disease?
- A. somatostatin
- B. dopamine
- C. acetylcholine
- D. endorphin
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Parkinson's disease is characterized by the progressive loss of dopamine-producing neurons in the substantia nigra, a region of the brain. This loss leads to the motor symptoms of the disease, such as tremors, rigidity, and bradykinesia.
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A client with rheumatoid arthritis taking hydroxychloroquine (Plaquenil) should be taught that, because of this drug therapy, he should
- A. expect relief of pain and inflammation within 1-2 weeks
- B. have an eye examination every 4-6 months
- C. take the medication before bedtime
- D. be alert for development of a skin rash
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hydroxychloroquine can cause retinal damage, requiring regular eye exams.
Mr. K., aged 60 years, has a diagnosis of transient ischemic attack. An essential aspect of his history that needs to be documented is
- A. sudden, brief loss of sensory, motor, or visual function
- B. determining if he has any allergies
- C. any history of neurologic disease
- D. his medication history, both prescribed and over-the-counter
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Sudden neurological deficits are hallmark symptoms of TIA.
When is a diagnosis of cholinergic crisis made?
- A. The patient's respiration is impaired because of muscle weakness.
- B. Administration of edrophonium (Tensilon) increases muscle weakness.
- C. Administration of edrophonium (Tensilon) results in improved muscle contractility.
- D. EMG reveals decreased response to repeated stimulation of muscles.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Increased muscle weakness after Tensilon indicates cholinergic crisis
Which intervention should you delegate to the nursing assistant for a patient with carpal tunnel syndrome preparing for surgery?
- A. Initiate placement of a splint for immobilization during the day.
- B. Assess the patient's wrist and hand for discoloration and brittle nails.
- C. Assist the patient with daily self-care measures such as bathing and eating.
- D. Test the patient for painful tingling in the four digits of the hand.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Daily self-care assistance is a suitable task for a nursing assistant.
The patient with gout will have periodic exacerbations of painful joint inflammation. Acute episodes are treated with
- A. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medications and colchicine.
- B. Allopurinol and aspirin.
- C. Antibiotics and acetaminophen.
- D. Bisphosphonates and calcium.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: NSAIDs and colchicine are used for acute gout attacks, whereas allopurinol is used for long-term management.