Nokea
Which of the following patient statements reflect an outcome expectancy statement?
- A. I am not able to exercise.
- B. Exercise helps people lose weight.
- C. Exercise is too hard on my arthritis.
- D. Dietary restrictions work better than exercise to lose weight.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: An outcome expectancy is the individual's belief that a specific behaviour will lead to certain outcomes. For example, the patient who tells the nurse that exercising helps people to lose weight is voicing an outcome expectancy.
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Which of the following models calls for a political response to disability?
- A. Social
- B. Medical
- C. Activist
- D. Collaborative
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The social model of disability, conversely, sees disability as a socially created problem and not an inherent attribute of an individual. The social model perspective calls for a political response, because the problem is created by an unaccommodating physical environment brought about by attitudes and other features of the social environment.
Which of the following levels are part of the patient response to health care recommendations based on a continuum of self-care?
- A. Compliance
- B. Adherence
- C. Self-care
- D. Denial
- E. Acceptance
Correct Answer: A,B,C
Rationale: Compliance, adherence, and self-care make up the three levels of patient response to health care recommendations on a continuum of self-care. Compliance reflects coercion of the patient to engage in particular recommendations, whereas adherence implies conformity of the patient with the recommendations. Self-care connotes a therapeutic alliance between the patient and the provider. Adherence is now the term most widely accepted because it incorporates the notion of the patient agreeing with the treatment plan presented by the health care provider.
Which of the following models view disability as directly caused by disease or trauma?
- A. Social
- B. Nursing
- C. Medical
- D. Collaborative
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The medical model views disability as directly caused by disease, trauma, or another health condition. Disability, from the medical model perspective, necessitates medical care provided in the form of individual treatment by providers to 'correct' the problem with the individual. The social model of disability, conversely, sees disability as a socially created problem and not an inherent attribute of an individual.
Which of the following diseases has the highest proportion of chronic illness deaths in Canada?
- A. Cancer
- B. Diabetes
- C. Cardiovascular disease
- D. Chronic respiratory disease
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Cardiovascular diseases (37%) were responsible for the highest proportion of global deaths in 2012, followed by cancers (7%), chronic respiratory diseases (8%), and diabetes (4%).
What is the average life expectancy in Canada?
- A. 60 years
- B. 70 years
- C. 80 years
- D. 90 years
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The life expectancy in Canada is estimated to be 80 years, specifically in 2010, it was 78.5 years for males and 82.7 years for females.