Nokea
Which of the following patients would be at higher risk of experiencing adverse drug reactions (ADRs):
- A. A 32-year-old male
- B. A 22-year-old female
- C. A 3-month-old female
- D. A 48-year-old male
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Infants like a 3-month-old have immature organ systems, increasing ADR risk compared to healthy adults.
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It is often necessary to obtain baseline data prior to initiating many forms of drug therapy. These baseline data include what? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Education level
- B. Allergies
- C. wealth
- D. Number of members in family
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Allergies and drug use directly impact therapy safety and efficacy; education and family size are less relevant.
Administration of sulfonamide may intensify the action of tolbutamide, through:
- A. Activation of the islets of pancreas
- B. Direct action on the utilization of glucose
- C. Synergistic action
- D. Competing with tolbutamide in plasma protein binding
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Sulfonamides displace tolbutamide from plasma proteins, increasing free drug levels and enhancing its hypoglycemic effect.
All the following statements regarding treatment of parkinson's disese are correct except
- A. Levodopa is usually administered alone (KAR93)
- B. Amantadine is effective in the treatment of early disease
- C. Bromocryptine is a useful dopamine receptor agonist
- D. Patient may require medication every 2 hours
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Levodopa is typically combined with carbidopa, not given alone.
Despite good blood pressure control, an NP might change a patient's drug from an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor to an angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) because the ARB:
- A. Is stronger than the ACE inhibitor
- B. Does not produce a dry, hacky cough
- C. Has no effect on the renal system
- D. Reduces sodium and water retention
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: ARBs lack the cough side effect common with ACE inhibitors.
Levetiracetam has known drug interactions with:
- A. Combined oral contraceptives
- B. Carbamazepine
- C. Warfarin
- D. Few, if any, drugs
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Levetiracetam has minimal drug interactions due to its unique metabolism.