Nokea
Which of the following should be included by the nurse during client teaching to improve client outcomes for a client receiving antihyperlipidemic drugs?
- A. Measures to minimize gastrointestinal upset
- B. Consultation with a dietitian for assistance with diet teaching
- C. Emphasis on the fact that drug therapy alone will significantly lower blood cholesterol levels
- D. Focus on the importance of taking drug exactly as prescribed
- E. Instruction in possible adverse reactions and signs and symptoms to report to primary health care provider
Correct Answer: A,B,D,E
Rationale: Client teaching includes measures to minimize gastrointestinal upset, consultation with a dietician to assist with diet planning and teaching, focus on the need to take the drug exactly as prescribed, and information about possible adverse reactions including those that need to be reported to the primary health care provider. The nurse should emphasize that drug therapy alone will NOT significantly lower blood cholesterol levels.
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The nurse discusses the benefit of adding a statin drug to a client's medication regimen based on the understanding that this group of drugs can reduce the risk of death from which of the following?
- A. Stroke
- B. Transient ischemic attack
- C. Kidney disease
- D. Hepatic disease
- E. Cancer
Correct Answer: A,B
Rationale: The use of statins in clients with hyperlipidemia with or without clinically evident coronary heart disease can reduce the risk of death from stroke and transient ischemic attacks.
A client with hyperlipidemia has been prescribed niacin by a physician. Which of the following adverse reactions should the nurse monitor for in the client?
- A. Tingling
- B. Constipation
- C. Diarrhea
- D. Cholelithiasis
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The nurse should monitor for tingling in the client as an adverse reaction to the drug niacin. Constipation, diarrhea, and cholelithiasis are adverse reactions to the drug fenofibrate.
A client is receiving pravastatin. The nurse understands that which of the following should be avoided with this client to prevent the risk of myopathy?
- A. Quinapril (Accupril)
- B. Niacin (Niaspan)
- C. Clarithromycin (Biaxin)
- D. Albuterol (Proventil)
- E. Verapamil (Calan)
Correct Answer: B,C,E
Rationale: Niacin, clarithromycin, and verapamil when coadministered to a client taking a statin, like pravastatin, can result in increased myopathy.
A nurse is preparing to administer gemfibrozil to a client. The nurse understands that this drug lowers cholesterol via which of the following mechanisms?
- A. Increases excretion of cholesterol
- B. Reduces very-low-density lipoproteins (VLDLs)
- C. Increases breakdown of VLDLs
- D. Reduces production of triglycerides
- E. Inhibits cholesterol formation
Correct Answer: A,D
Rationale: Gemfibrozil increases the excretions of cholesterol and reduces the production of triglycerides. The drug does not reduce VLDLs, increase VLDL breakdown, or inhibit cholesterol formation.
After administering an antihyperlipidemic drug, the nurse continues to assess which of the following?
- A. Blood glucose
- B. Vital signs
- C. Assessment of bowel function
- D. Input and output
- E. Stool sample
Correct Answer: B,C
Rationale: Clients on antihyperlipidemic medications should have vital signs checked and bowel function assessed because an adverse reaction to these drugs is constipation. Constipation may become serious if not treated early in the medication regimen.