Multiple Choice Questions on Gastrointestinal Disorders Quizlet

Multiple Choice Questions on Gastrointestinal Disorders Quizlet Related

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Which of the following statements about the role of the intestine in development of obesity best describes the situation?

  • A. Obesity occurs because gut hormone secretion becomes deranged and PYY secretion fails to give a satiety signal.
  • B. The gut/brain signalling pathway controls energy intake to within 2% of requirements, even in people who are morbidly obese
  • C. The problem is one of greed and gluttony, whereby people override strong satiety signals on a regular basis
  • D. Flavour signals from tasty, processed food will override satiety signals even after a large meal
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because flavor signals from tasty, processed food can indeed override satiety signals even after a large meal. This is due to the hedonic aspect of eating, where the pleasure derived from consuming flavorful foods can lead to overeating despite feeling full. The brain's reward system plays a significant role in this process, causing individuals to continue eating beyond their caloric needs. In contrast, choices A, B, and C do not accurately describe the role of the intestine in the development of obesity. Choice A focuses on hormonal imbalances, which can contribute to obesity but does not solely explain the complex nature of obesity development. Choice B oversimplifies the control of energy intake, disregarding the various factors influencing eating behaviors. Choice C places the blame solely on personal choices without considering the physiological and psychological factors that contribute to overeating.

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You have a situation where the hepatopancreatic ampullar sphincter or sphincter of Oddi will not relax. You would expect

  • A. chyme not to be released into the stomach.
  • B. the feces to contain a much higher percentage of fat than normal.
  • C. the feces to contain a much higher percentage of starch and protein than normal.
  • D. chyme not to be released into the large intestine.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: the feces to contain a much higher percentage of fat than normal. The hepatopancreatic ampullar sphincter controls the release of bile and pancreatic enzymes into the duodenum to aid in fat digestion. If it does not relax, fat digestion would be impaired, leading to undigested fat in feces. A: Chyme is the semi-liquid mixture of food and digestive juices in the stomach, not affected by this sphincter. C: Starch and protein digestion mainly occur in the stomach and small intestine, not directly influenced by this sphincter. D: Chyme enters the large intestine after passing through the small intestine, not controlled by this sphincter directly.

Which of the following tubes is surgically inserted into the abdomen but goes to the small intestine?

  • A. Orogastric tube
  • B. Nasogastric tube
  • C. Jejunostomy tube
  • D. Gastrostomy tube
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: A jejunostomy tube is placed directly into the small intestine for enteral feeding in clients who cannot tolerate gastric feedings.

You must rearrange the room assignment for several clients. Which two clients would be best suited to put in the same room?

  • A. A 35-year-old female with copious, intractable diarrhea and vomiting.
  • B. A 43-year-old female second day post-operative cholecystectomy.
  • C. A 53-year-old female with pain related to alcohol-associated pancreatitis.
  • D. A 62-year-old female with colon cancer receiving chemotherapy and radiation.
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Post-op and immunocompromised patients should not share a room with someone with an infectious condition. The best match is non-infectious conditions.

Secretin hormone:

  • A. Released in response to acidic gastric juice.
  • B. Stimulates stomach mobility.
  • C. Stimulates HCL secretion.
  • D. All of the above are correct.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because secretin hormone is released in response to acidic gastric juice, acting to neutralize the acidity by stimulating pancreatic bicarbonate secretion. Choice B and C are incorrect as secretin does not stimulate stomach mobility or HCL secretion. Therefore, the correct answer is A as it aligns with the function of secretin in regulating pH balance in the digestive system.

Following a hemorrhoidectomy, what should the nurse advise the patient to do?

  • A. Use daily laxatives to facilitate bowel emptying.
  • B. Use ice packs to the perineum to prevent swelling.
  • C. Avoid having a bowel movement for several days until healing occurs.
  • D. Take warm sitz baths several times a day to promote comfort and cleaning.
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Sitz baths help reduce pain and swelling, promote comfort, and support wound healing after a hemorrhoidectomy.

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