Nokea
Which of the following would be important circumstances to gather assessment data for a child with ADHD? Select all that apply.
- A. Direct observation of the child
- B. Reviewing the client's record
- C. Interviewing the client's parents
- D. Interviewing the client's teachers
- E. Assessing the client in a group of peers
Correct Answer: A,C,D,E
Rationale: Direct observation, parent and teacher interviews, and peer group assessment provide comprehensive data on ADHD behaviors, unlike record review alone.
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Which of the following disorders involves problems with forming sounds associated with speech?
- A. Phonologic disorder
- B. Mixed receptive-expressive language disorder
- C. Expressive language disorder
- D. Stuttering
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Phonologic disorder specifically involves difficulties with articulation, unlike the broader language or fluency issues in the other options.
The mother of a 15-year-old boy tells the nurse that her son is becoming more assertive in conflict situations and wants to get a job. She asks if it is healthy for a 15-year-old to be so independent. Which is valid information for the nurse to offer the mother?
- A. His behaviors reflect normal growth and development.
- B. He is overly independent.
- C. It sounds like he is trying to avoid her.
- D. She should observe for signs of substance abuse.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Increased assertiveness and seeking a job are normal developmental behaviors for a 15-year-old.
For which reasons is it more difficult to diagnose psychiatric disorders in children than in adults? Select all that apply.
- A. Children usually lack the abstract cognitive abilities and verbal skills to describe what is happening.
- B. Because they are constantly changing and developing, children are unable to discriminate unusual or unwanted symptoms from normal feelings and sensations.
- C. Behaviors that are appropriate for a child of one developmental level may be inappropriate for a child of a different developmental level.
- D. Sometimes, children outgrow psychiatric disorders.
- E. Children and adolescents experience some of the same mental health problems as adults and are diagnosed using the same criteria as for adults.
Correct Answer: A,B,C
Rationale: Children's limited cognitive and verbal skills, ongoing development, and age-specific behaviors complicate psychiatric diagnosis.
The parents of a child with ADHD express to the nurse, 'We get so frustrated when our son never minds us.' Which parenting strategies should the nurse discuss with the parents? Select all that apply.
- A. Use time-out for behavior control.
- B. Provide occasional rewards and consequences for behavior.
- C. Give verbal reprimands for negative behavior.
- D. Resist giving praise until fully compliant with requests.
- E. Use a point system for positive and negative behavior.
Correct Answer: A,C,E
Rationale: Time-outs, verbal reprimands, and point systems are effective strategies for managing ADHD behaviors consistently.
Which of the following terms describes the repeating of one's own words or sounds?
- A. Coprolalia
- B. Palilalia
- C. Echolalia
- D. None of the above
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Palilalia is the repetition of one's own words or sounds, distinct from coprolalia (obscene words) or echolalia (repeating others' words).