Nokea
Which of the following would indicate side effects of the gold therapy?
- A. Symptoms of gastric irritation
- B. Generalized edema
- C. Elevated blood pressure
- D. Symptoms of visual disturbance
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Gastric irritation is a common side effect of gold therapy.
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Regarding the blood supply of the cerebral cortex
- A. Middle cerebral is contralateral arm, leg and speech areas
- B. Anterior cerebral is contralateral leg, micturition and defaecation
- C. Middle cerebral is ipsilateral arm, face and vision
- D. Posterior cerebral is ipsilateral vision
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The anterior cerebral artery supplies the medial surface of the brain, including areas responsible for motor and sensory functions of the contralateral leg. It also influences micturition and defecation.
To elicit a Plantar reflex:
- A. Gently tap the Achilles tendon
- B. Stroke the lateral aspect of the sole of the foot from heel to ball
- C. Present a noxious odor to a person
- D. Observe the person walking heel to toe
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The Plantar reflex is elicited by stroking the lateral aspect of the sole of the foot from the heel to the ball of the foot with a blunt object. This tests the integrity of the corticospinal tract. A normal response in adults is plantar flexion of the toes.
What sign/symptom would NOT be associated with infant botulism?
- A. difficulty suckling
- B. limp body
- C. stiff neck
- D. weak cry
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: stiff neck. Infant botulism is characterized by muscle weakness, including difficulty suckling, a limp body, and a weak cry. A stiff neck is not typically associated with infant botulism. The toxin affects the nervous system, causing muscle paralysis, but does not typically lead to neck stiffness. Therefore, choice C is the correct answer. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because they are all common signs and symptoms of infant botulism, reflecting the muscle weakness and paralysis caused by the toxin.
The presence of Parkinsonism suggests damage to the following:
- A. caudate nucleus
- B. black substance
- C. cerebellar
- D. frontal lobe
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Black substance (substantia nigra) is the correct answer because Parkinsonism is characterized by the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. This leads to the classic symptoms of tremor, bradykinesia, and rigidity due to the loss of dopamine in the basal ganglia, which regulates movement.
Which finding should the nursing assistant report immediately for a patient with a fractured femur?
- A. The patient complains of pain.
- B. The patient appears confused.
- C. The patient's blood pressure is 136/88.
- D. The patient voided using the bedpan.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Confusion could indicate a more serious underlying issue, such as reduced cerebral perfusion.