Nokea
Which one of the following is an appropriate nursing intervention for preparing a client for a CT scan?
- A. Consult the physician for the special preparation
- B. Provide general explanation to the client
- C. Inform client to temporarily eliminate salt from the diet
- D. Instruct the client to fast
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Providing a general explanation to the client about the CT scan ensures they understand the procedure and prepares them psychologically for the test.
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A nursing health history of a client suspected of having Cushing syndrome must include assessment of
- A. increased pigmentation
- B. decreased urinary output
- C. changes in body structure and weight
- D. increased thickening and coarsening of skin
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Changes in body structure and weight, such as fat redistribution and weight gain, are key signs of Cushing syndrome.
Which produces the majority of salivary volume?
- A. lingual glands
- B. sublingual
- C. parotid
- D. submandibular
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: submandibular glands. These glands produce the majority of salivary volume due to their larger size and higher rate of saliva production compared to other salivary glands. Submandibular glands secrete a combination of serous and mucous saliva, contributing to overall saliva volume. The lingual glands (choice A) are smaller and contribute a smaller amount of saliva. The sublingual glands (choice B) are also smaller and produce less saliva compared to the submandibular glands. The parotid glands (choice C) are the largest salivary glands but contribute a smaller volume of saliva compared to the submandibular glands.
Most hormones of the endocrine system are regulated by a .
- A. hormone-gene complex
- B. hormone-receptor complex
- C. negative feedback mechanism
- D. positive feedback mechanism
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: negative feedback mechanism. This is because the majority of hormones in the endocrine system are regulated by a feedback loop that maintains homeostasis by inhibiting further hormone production when levels are too high and stimulating production when levels are too low. This negative feedback mechanism ensures that hormone levels remain within a narrow range.
A: hormone-gene complex is incorrect as hormones are not primarily regulated by direct interactions with genes.
B: hormone-receptor complex is incorrect as receptors are involved in hormone action, not regulation.
D: positive feedback mechanism is incorrect as it would lead to an amplification of hormone production, which is not typically seen in the endocrine system to maintain stability.
A nurse is caring for a patient who has excessive catecholamine release. Which assessment finding would the nurse correlate with this condition?
- A. Decreased blood pressure
- B. Increased pulse
- C. Decreased respiratory rate
- D. Increased urine output
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Increased pulse. Excessive catecholamine release, such as in a stress response, leads to sympathetic nervous system activation causing an increase in heart rate (pulse). This physiological response is known as the "fight or flight" response. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect as catecholamine release typically leads to increased blood pressure, increased respiratory rate, and decreased urine output due to vasoconstriction, increased oxygen demand, and fluid retention respectively.
What is a light-year?
- A. the distance travelled by light in a vacuum in 1 year
- B. the distance travelled by light in a vacuum in 100 000 years
- C. the time taken for light to travel across the Milky Way
- D. the time taken for light to travel from the Sun to the Earth
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: the distance travelled by light in a vacuum in 1 year. Light-year is a unit of astronomical distance, not time. Light travels at a constant speed in a vacuum, approximately 299,792 kilometers per second. In one year, light can travel about 9.46 trillion kilometers, which is defined as one light-year. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they do not accurately define a light-year in terms of distance traveled by light in a vacuum over a specific time period.