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Which one of the following statements about educating parents of a child with ADHD is true?
- A. It is unimportant to educate the family members about ADHD as they already know the problem too well.
- B. Parents feel empowered and relieved to have specific strategies that can help them and their child be more successful.
- C. It is important for the nurse to spend the majority of his or her time with parents of children with ADHD in talking to the parents.
- D. If the child receives special school services under the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act, there is no need for further services.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Educating parents with specific strategies empowers them to manage ADHD effectively, improving outcomes for the child.
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For which reasons is it more difficult to diagnose psychiatric disorders in children than in adults? Select all that apply.
- A. Children usually lack the abstract cognitive abilities and verbal skills to describe what is happening.
- B. Because they are constantly changing and developing, children are unable to discriminate unusual or unwanted symptoms from normal feelings and sensations.
- C. Behaviors that are appropriate for a child of one developmental level may be inappropriate for a child of a different developmental level.
- D. Sometimes, children outgrow psychiatric disorders.
- E. Children and adolescents experience some of the same mental health problems as adults and are diagnosed using the same criteria as for adults.
Correct Answer: A,B,C
Rationale: Children's limited cognitive and verbal skills, ongoing development, and age-specific behaviors complicate psychiatric diagnosis.
Which of the following are common coexisting psychiatric disorders for adults with ADHD? Select all that apply.
- A. Social phobia
- B. Bipolar disorder
- C. Obsessive-compulsive disorder
- D. Major depression
- E. Alcohol dependence
Correct Answer: A,B,D,E
Rationale: Adults with ADHD commonly have coexisting conditions like social phobia, bipolar disorder, major depression, and alcohol dependence, but not typically obsessive-compulsive disorder.
Which of the following symptoms are characteristic of ADHD? Select all that apply.
- A. Enuresis
- B. Inattentiveness
- C. Encopresis
- D. Overactivity
- E. Impulsiveness
Correct Answer: B,D,E
Rationale: ADHD is defined by inattentiveness, overactivity, and impulsiveness, while enuresis and encopresis are unrelated elimination disorders.
The mother of a 15-year-old boy tells the nurse that her son is becoming more assertive in conflict situations and wants to get a job. She asks if it is healthy for a 15-year-old to be so independent. Which is valid information for the nurse to offer the mother?
- A. His behaviors reflect normal growth and development.
- B. He is overly independent.
- C. It sounds like he is trying to avoid her.
- D. She should observe for signs of substance abuse.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Increased assertiveness and seeking a job are normal developmental behaviors for a 15-year-old.
When teaching the parents of a child with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), which statement by the parents would indicate the need for further teaching?
- A. We'll have him do his homework at the kitchen table with his brothers and sisters.
- B. We'll make sure he completes one task before going on to another.
- C. We'll set up rules with specific times for eating, sleeping, and playing.
- D. We'll use simple, clear directions and instructions.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A noisy, distracting environment like the kitchen table is unsuitable for a child with ADHD, indicating a need for further teaching.