Nokea
Which part of the limbic system is involved in an animal's feeling of hunger?
- A. thalamus
- B. pons
- C. hippocampus
- D. hypothalamus
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The hypothalamus is a key part of the limbic system and is involved in regulating hunger, thirst, and other homeostatic processes. It receives signals from the body about energy needs and releases hormones that stimulate or suppress appetite. The hypothalamus also plays a role in regulating the autonomic nervous system and maintaining the body's internal balance. Its involvement in hunger highlights its importance in survival and behavior.
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A physician is discussing the care of the client with a certain type of fracture with the nurse. Which type of fracture is defined as a fracture in which damage also involves the skin or mucous membranes?
- A. Pathologic
- B. Compression
- C. Depressed
- D. Compound
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A compound fracture involves damage to the skin or mucous membranes.
The presence of Parkinsonism suggests damage to the following:
- A. caudate nucleus
- B. black substance
- C. cerebellar
- D. frontal lobe
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Black substance (substantia nigra) is the correct answer because Parkinsonism is characterized by the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. This leads to the classic symptoms of tremor, bradykinesia, and rigidity due to the loss of dopamine in the basal ganglia, which regulates movement.
The two parts of the nervous system are the:
- A. Motor and sensory.
- B. Central and peripheral.
- C. Peripheral and autonomic.
- D. Hypothalamus and cerebral.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Central and peripheral. The nervous system consists of the central nervous system (CNS), which includes the brain and spinal cord, and the peripheral nervous system (PNS), which includes all nerves outside the CNS. This division is essential for understanding the organization and functions of the nervous system. Choice A is incorrect because motor and sensory are functions, not divisions of the nervous system. Choice C is incorrect because the autonomic nervous system is a component of the PNS, not a separate part. Choice D is incorrect because the hypothalamus and cerebral are specific structures within the CNS, not the divisions of the nervous system.
To assess a patient's sensory function, the nurse should:
- A. Test light touch, pain, and temperature sensation in various areas of the body.
- B. Measure the patient's heart rate.
- C. Inspect the patient's skin for lesions.
- D. Check the patient's blood glucose levels.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Sensory function is assessed by testing light touch, pain, and temperature sensation. Heart rate, skin lesions, and blood glucose levels are unrelated to sensory testing.
Mrs. Post has just been told of her diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). She is upset, communicating that she often has no pain or other symptoms. What would be your best initial response?
- A. Perhaps there is an error in the diagnosis.
- B. Why don't you ask your physician about your concerns.
- C. Many times patients with SLE have periods of exacerbations and remission.
- D. Tell me why you are so upset about the diagnosis.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Explaining the nature of SLE can help alleviate confusion and anxiety.