Nokea
A nurse is providing health education for a group of older adults about the risks of developing coronary heart disease. Which of the following group members is at highest risk?
- A. Takes a beta-blocker for hypertension
- B. Has a total cholesterol level of 201
- C. Doesn’t participate in any form of regular physical activity
- D. Has a family history of Type 2 diabetes mellitus
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Physical inactivity is the biggest modifiable risk factor for coronary heart disease.
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Reducing Constipation in Older Adults
- A. Offering pureed foods that are easy to digest
- B. Encouraging fluids between meals
- C. Administering laxatives daily
- D. Assisting with ambulation
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Encouraging fluids and assisting with ambulation are key strategies for preventing constipation in older adults.
During the 5-year-old well-child visit, the father tells the nurse that he is unsure if the child is socially ready to attend school. The nurse asks the father to describe some of the social interactions of the child. Which of the following behaviors would indicate that the preschooler is socially ready to attend school?
- A. He gives his brother the ball when he is tired of playing with it.
- B. He never engages in any activity until his mother tells him to.
- C. He plays well with a group of neighborhood children.
- D. He moves from one activity to another.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Playing well with other children demonstrates social readiness for school.
A nurse is caring for a person with a potential dysfunction in the health-perception–health-management pattern. Which of the following nursing interventions would most likely be performed?
- A. Arranging for home delivery of medication from the pharmacy
- B. Providing education regarding the dangers of smoking
- C. Instituting visiting nurse services for blood pressure checks
- D. Providing direct observed therapy for tuberculosis medications
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Educating clients about the risks, such as smoking, addresses potential health problems and encourages health management.
Which of the following statements summarizes Vygotsky’s theory of development?
- A. All children develop cognitively at the same rate.
- B. Social and cultural influences are not major factors in cognitive development.
- C. Learning is an individual activity.
- D. Experience creates learning.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Vygotsky emphasized the role of social and cultural influences on cognitive development and that learning is dependent on experience.
Which of the following represents a method of tertiary prevention?
- A. Drunk driving campaign
- B. Road blocks for drunk driving
- C. Emergency surgery for head trauma after a motor vehicle accident
- D. Physical and occupational therapy after a motor vehicle accident with head trauma
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Tertiary prevention aims to reduce the impact of a disease or disability, such as through physical therapy post-injury.