Cardiovascular System Exam Questions And Answers

Cardiovascular System Exam Questions And Answers Related

Review Cardiovascular System Exam Questions And Answers related questions and content

Which term refers to the relaxation phase of the heart, during which the chambers fill with blood?

  • A. Diastole
  • B. Systole
  • C. Refractoriness
  • D. Automaticity
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Diastole. Diastole refers to the relaxation phase of the heart, allowing the chambers to fill with blood. During diastole, the ventricles are relaxed, and blood flows into them from the atria. Systole, choice B, is the contraction phase where the heart pumps blood out. Refractoriness, choice C, refers to the period when the heart cannot respond to a new stimulus. Automaticity, choice D, is the ability of the heart to generate its own electrical impulses. So, diastole is the correct term for the relaxation phase of the heart where chambers fill with blood, making it the correct answer.

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The most life-threatening cardiac arrhythmia following myocardial infarction is

  • A. ventricular fibrillation
  • B. premature ventricular contractions
  • C. premature atrial contractions
  • D. atrial fibrillation
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Ventricular fibrillation disrupts cardiac function and requires immediate intervention.

Which of the following structures of the heart is called the pacemaker of the heart?

  • A. AV junction
  • B. SA node
  • C. AV node
  • D. Purkinje fibers
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The sinoatrial (SA) node initiates and regulates the heartbeat, acting as the heart's natural pacemaker.

The nurse is caring for a client on amiodarone who complains of visual disturbances. What is the nurse's best response?

  • A. Notify the healthcare provider immediately.
  • B. Reassure the client that this is a common side effect.
  • C. Advise the client to monitor their symptoms at home.
  • D. Suggest the client reduce physical activity.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Notify the healthcare provider immediately. Visual disturbances can be a sign of serious side effects of amiodarone, such as optic neuropathy. Promptly notifying the healthcare provider allows for timely evaluation and appropriate management.

Choice B is incorrect because visual disturbances with amiodarone are not common and should not be dismissed as such. Choice C is incorrect as self-monitoring may delay necessary medical intervention. Choice D is also incorrect as reducing physical activity does not address the underlying cause of visual disturbances and may not be necessary.

Which of the following is a central vasoconstrictor and peripheral vasodilator?

  • A. Parasympathetic nervous system
  • B. Sympathetic nervous system
  • C. Dopamine
  • D. Epinephrine
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Epinephrine. Epinephrine acts as a central vasoconstrictor by constricting blood vessels in vital organs to redirect blood flow to muscles during fight-or-flight response. It also acts as a peripheral vasodilator by dilating blood vessels in skeletal muscles to increase oxygen delivery. Parasympathetic nervous system (A) mainly promotes relaxation, sympathetic nervous system (B) typically causes vasoconstriction, and dopamine (C) has limited vasoactive effects.

A 58-year-old patient is in a cardiac rehabilitation program. The nurse teaches the patient to stop exercising if what occurs?

  • A. Pain or dyspnea develop
  • B. The HR exceeds 150 bpm
  • C. The respiratory rate increases to 30
  • D. The HR is 30 bpm over the resting HR
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Symptoms indicate exercise intolerance.

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