Nokea
Which type of cancer is most commonly associated with exposure to asbestos?
- A. Lung cancer
- B. Leukemia
- C. Breast cancer
- D. Prostate cancer
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Asbestos exposure is strongly linked to lung cancer, particularly mesothelioma.
You may also like to solve these questions
Which of the following statements is true?
- A. MHC class I and MHC class II molecules both consist of two transmembrane protein chains
- B. MHC class I molecules have one peptide-binding site whereas MHC class II molecules have two peptide-binding sites
- C. A given MHC molecule binds only one peptide at a time
- D. MHC molecules on the cell surface have empty peptide-binding sites in the absence of infection
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because a given MHC molecule can bind only one peptide at a time. This is essential for the proper presentation of antigens to immune cells. MHC class I and class II molecules do not consist of two transmembrane protein chains (A), MHC class I molecules have one peptide-binding site while MHC class II molecules have one peptide-binding site (B), and MHC molecules on the cell surface typically have peptides bound to their peptide-binding sites, even in the absence of infection (D).
What distinguishes adaptive immunity from innate immunity?
- A. Rapid response and non-specificity
- B. Memory and high antigen specificity
- C. Activation by physical barriers
- D. Constant activity without antigen exposure
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because adaptive immunity involves memory, meaning the immune system can recognize and respond more effectively to specific antigens upon subsequent exposure. This high antigen specificity allows for tailored responses to different pathogens. In contrast, innate immunity lacks memory and specificity, providing only a rapid but non-specific response to a wide range of pathogens. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because they do not adequately capture the key distinguishing features of adaptive immunity.
What are the essential nursing actions that should be taken for a client with an immune system disorder?
- A. Monitor client for depression.
- B. Monitor client for infusion reactions.
- C. Review drug references.
- D. Advise the client on modifying the home environment.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Monitoring for infusion reactions is critical as clients with immune disorders often receive biologic therapies that can cause severe allergic or infusion-related reactions.
You are completing an assessment and health history for an HIV-positive patient who is considering starting antiretroviral therapy with several medications. Which patient information concerns you the most?
- A. Patient has been HIV positive for 8 years and has never been on any drug therapy for the HIV infection.
- B. Patient tells you that he never has been very consistent about taking medications in the past.
- C. Patient continues to be sexually active with multiple partners and says that he is careful to use condoms.
- D. Patient has many questions and concerns regarding how effective and safe the medications are.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Adherence to antiretroviral therapy is critical for its success. If the patient has a history of inconsistent medication use this raises concerns about the effectiveness of the therapy and the risk of developing drug resistance. The other information while important does not directly impact the success of the treatment as much as adherence does.
What defect in cellular proliferation is involved in the development of cancer?
- A. A rate of cell proliferation that is more rapid than that of normal body cells
- B. Shortened phases of cell life cycles with occasional skipping of G1 or S phases
- C. Rearrangement of stem cell RNA that causes abnormal cellular protein synthesis
- D. Indiscriminate and continuous proliferation of cells with loss of contact inhibition
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Cancer involves indiscriminate and continuous proliferation of cells with loss of contact inhibition, which allows cells to grow uncontrollably.