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Which type of seizure occurs in children, is also known as a petit mal seizure, and consists of a staring spell that lasts for a few seconds?
- A. Atonic
- B. Simple focal
- C. Typical absence
- D. Atypical absence
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Absence seizures are brief staring spells common in children
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Which of the following is the causative agent of East African trypanosomiasis?
- A. Trypanosoma cruzi
- B. Trypanosoma vivax
- C. Trypanosoma brucei rhodanese
- D. Trypanosoma brucei gambiense
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Trypanosoma brucei rhodanese. East African trypanosomiasis is caused by Trypanosoma brucei, specifically the subspecies Trypanosoma brucei rhodanese. This parasite is transmitted by tsetse flies and infects humans, causing sleeping sickness. Trypanosoma cruzi (Choice A) causes Chagas disease, not East African trypanosomiasis. Trypanosoma vivax (Choice B) causes a different form of animal trypanosomiasis. Trypanosoma brucei gambiense (Choice D) is responsible for West African trypanosomiasis, not the East African form. Therefore, the correct choice is C.
Twenty-four hours later Bob is discharged. Which of the following statements would indicate Bob understood your teaching?
- A. Increasing pain in the arm is expected over the next 2 days but if it continues the third day I'll call the physician.
- B. If the fingers of my left hand begin to swell and are colder than those of the right hand, I'll elevate my arm above heart level and call the physician.
- C. Bleeding may appear on the cast today. I'll circle the area and if it continues to increase, I'll call the physician.
- D. I'll immobilize my left hand for 1 week, then begin active flexion-extension exercises and continue until my follow-up visit.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Swelling and coldness could indicate impaired circulation, necessitating immediate medical attention.
When is a diagnosis of cholinergic crisis made?
- A. The patient's respiration is impaired because of muscle weakness.
- B. Administration of edrophonium (Tensilon) increases muscle weakness.
- C. Administration of edrophonium (Tensilon) results in improved muscle contractility.
- D. EMG reveals decreased response to repeated stimulation of muscles.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Increased muscle weakness after Tensilon indicates cholinergic crisis
What is the best description of the periosteum?
- A. Lining of a joint capsule
- B. A characteristic of skeletal muscle
- C. Most common type of cartilage tissue
- D. Fibrous connective tissue covering bone
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The periosteum is fibrous connective tissue covering bone.
Which anatomic division of the nervous system is affected in a client undergoing neurological testing for a brain tumor?
- A. Peripheral nervous system
- B. Autonomic nervous system
- C. Sympathetic nervous system
- D. Central nervous system
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The brain is part of the central nervous system.