Nokea
To assess cranial nerve VIII (Vestibulocochlear nerve), the nurse should:
- A. Perform a hearing test and assess balance.
- B. Evaluate the patient's ability to swallow.
- C. Inspect the patient's throat.
- D. Palpate the patient's neck.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Cranial nerve VIII (Vestibulocochlear nerve) is responsible for hearing and balance. A hearing test and balance assessment evaluate its function. Swallowing, throat inspection, and neck palpation are unrelated.
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While collecting data the nurse learns that a patient with a neurological illness has not had a sense of smell for several decades. Which part of the central nervous system should the nurse question as being damaged in this patient?
- A. Brainstem
- B. Occipital lobe
- C. Hypothalamus
- D. Temporal lobe
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The olfactory nerve (cranial nerve I) originates in the temporal lobe, and damage to this area can result in anosmia (loss of smell). The brainstem, occipital lobe, and hypothalamus are not directly involved in the sense of smell. Assessing olfactory function can provide clues about neurological damage.
Which anatomic division of the nervous system is affected in a client undergoing neurological testing for a brain tumor?
- A. Peripheral nervous system
- B. Autonomic nervous system
- C. Sympathetic nervous system
- D. Central nervous system
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The brain is part of the central nervous system.
Regarding retinal metabolism:
- A. insulin is essential for the uptake of glucose by the retina
- B. anaerobic metabolism predominates
- C. the pigment retinal epithelium stores glycogen and supplies the need of the retina
- D. the demand of oxygen is met entirely by the central retinal artery
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Retinal metabolism is primarily anaerobic, especially in the inner retina. Insulin is not required for glucose uptake, and oxygen is supplied by both the retinal and choroidal circulations.
A technique that has proven to be helpful in training individuals with amnesia, where people are prevented - as far as possible - from making any errors while learning a new skill or new information is known as:
- A. Mnemonic training.
- B. Errorless learning.
- C. Aquistion learning.
- D. Prevention training.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Errorless learning is a training technique used to help individuals with amnesia acquire new skills or information without making mistakes. By minimizing errors during the learning process, this method enhances memory retention and reduces the likelihood of incorrect information being stored. Errorless learning is particularly effective for individuals with memory impairments, as it leverages their residual learning abilities and promotes successful skill acquisition.
When assessing a patient for signs of increased intracranial pressure (ICP), the nurse should look for:
- A. Changes in level of consciousness, headache, and vomiting.
- B. Normal pupil size and reaction.
- C. Absence of nausea or vomiting.
- D. Clear and coordinated movements.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Increased intracranial pressure (ICP) is associated with changes in consciousness, headache, and vomiting. Normal pupil size, absence of nausea, and clear movements are not indicative of ICP.