Nokea
With regard to nystagmus:
- A. caloric nystagmus occurs when iced water is poured into the ear
- B. vestibular nystagmus occurs as a consequence of head rotation
- C. optokinetic nystagmus occurs as a consequence of the relative motion of the visual field
- D. all above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Caloric, vestibular, and optokinetic nystagmus are all types of nystagmus caused by specific stimuli, such as temperature changes, head rotation, or visual field motion.
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Priority Decision: During assessment of a patient with a spinal cord injury, the nurse determines that the patient has a poor cough with diaphragmatic breathing. Based on this finding, what should be the nurse's first action?
- A. Institute frequent turning and repositioning
- B. Use tracheal suctioning to remove secretions
- C. Assess lung sounds and respiratory rate and depth
- D. Prepare the patient for endotracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Assessment ensures proper diagnosis before intervention.
A neuron with a cell body located in the CNS whose primary function is connecting other neurons is called a(n):
- A. efferent neuron
- B. afferent neuron
- C. interneuron
- D. glial cell
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Interneurons are neurons located entirely within the CNS that connect other neurons. Efferent neurons transmit signals from the CNS to effectors, afferent neurons transmit signals from receptors to the CNS, and glial cells and satellite cells are supportive cells. Thus, C is the correct answer.
A client diagnosed with multiple sclerosis has an acute onset of visual changes, fatigue, and leg weakness. The client says that the last time this happened, recovery occurred in a few weeks. Which classification of multiple sclerosis is the client experiencing?
- A. Progressive-relapsing
- B. Secondary-progressive
- C. Relapsing-remitting
- D. Primary-progressive
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Relapsing-remitting MS is characterized by periods of exacerbation followed by partial or complete recovery. This pattern matches the client's description of their symptoms.
Regarding the speech centres
- A. Broca's area is on the left side in most left-handed people
- B. Broca's area is posterior
- C. Wernicke's area controls motor response
- D. Damage to Broca's area produces motor aphasia
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Broca's area, located in the frontal lobe, is responsible for speech production. Damage to this area results in motor (expressive) aphasia, where patients understand language but cannot produce coherent speech.
The nurse in the postoperative unit prepares to receive a client after a balloon angioplasty of the carotid artery. Which of the following items should the nurse keep at the bedside for such a client in the case of an emergency situation based on the procedure that was done?
- A. BP apparatus
- B. Call bell
- C. IV infusion stand
- D. Endotracheal intubation
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Endotracheal intubation is essential in case of airway compromise.