Nokea
You are discussing failure to thrive (FTT) with medical students. You mention that FTT is most often used to describe malnutrition related to environmental or psychosocial causes. An important statement that should be included in your discussion is
- A. FTT is often diagnosed by weight that falls below the 25th percentile for age
- B. a weight crossing one major percentile lines on the growth height should be evaluated for FTT chart over time is considered abnormal
- C. a weight of less than 60 % of the median weight for the height of the child
- D. small subset of the population naturally falls below the 3rd percentile but usually have normal weight for height
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Crossing percentile lines on a growth chart indicates a significant deviation from the child's previous growth trajectory, which is a key indicator of potential FTT.
You may also like to solve these questions
A woman sees her primary care provider because of extreme fatigue for the past 2 months; she difficulty lifting even light objects. Her physician suspects myasthenia gravis. Which of the ff. tests should the nurse anticipate to confirm this diagnosis?
- A. Mestinon test
- B. Pulmonary function studies
- C. Quinine tolerance test
- D. Tensilon test
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The Tensilon test is used to confirm the diagnosis of myasthenia gravis, a condition characterized by muscle weakness and fatigue. In this test, the medication Tensilon (also known as edrophonium) is administered intravenously. If the patient has myasthenia gravis, there will be a rapid but temporary improvement in muscle strength after the Tensilon injection. This response helps to differentiate myasthenia gravis from other causes of muscle weakness. The other options mentioned (Mestinon test, pulmonary function studies, and quinine tolerance test) do not specifically confirm the diagnosis of myasthenia gravis.
During a routine examination of a 10-mo-old male infant, you find a white pupillary reflex of the right eye; the eye movements are normal. You suspect retinoblastoma. Of the following, the BEST confirmatory diagnostic evaluation of this infant is
- A. indirect ophthalmoscopy with slit-lamp examination
- B. examination under general anesthesia by an experienced ophthalmologist
- C. orbital ultrasonography
- D. brain MRI
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Examination under anesthesia by an experienced ophthalmologist is the gold standard for diagnosing retinoblastoma.
A patient visits her nurse practitioner (NP) after she has a cold for a week and is now experiencing a severe headache and fever. Her NP diagnoses a sinus infection. Which of the following additional symptoms is the patient likely to exhibit?
- A. Facial tenderness
- B. Photophobia
- C. Chest pain
- D. Ear drainage
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Sinus infections, also known as sinusitis, are often characterized by symptoms such as congestion, facial pain or pressure, and nasal discharge. Facial tenderness over the affected sinuses, particularly when tapping on the area, is a common symptom associated with sinus infections due to the inflammation and buildup of mucus in the sinuses. This tenderness is often present in the cheeks, forehead, or around the eyes. The other symptoms mentioned in the choices (photophobia, chest pain, ear drainage) are less commonly associated with sinus infections compared to facial tenderness.
Parents tell the nurse that their 1-year-old son often sleeps with them. They seem unconcerned about this. The nurse's response should be based on which statement?
- A. Children should not sleep with their parents.
- B. Separation from parents should be completed by this age.
- C. Daytime attention should be increased.
- D. This is a common and accepted practice, especially in some cultural groups.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct response is D because it acknowledges that co-sleeping with children, especially infants and toddlers, is a common and accepted practice in various cultural groups. Co-sleeping can have benefits such as promoting bonding and facilitating breastfeeding. However, it is essential for the nurse to educate the parents on safe sleep practices to reduce the risk of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) or other sleep-related accidents. It is important to provide guidance on creating a safe sleep environment for the child if they continue co-sleeping.
What is the earliest age at which a satisfactory radial pulse can be taken in children?
- A. 1 year
- B. 2 years
- C. 3 years
- D. 6 years
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A satisfactory radial pulse can be taken in children as young as 1 year old. The radial pulse is commonly checked in the wrist and is a valuable indicator of cardiac function. Children as young as 1 year old can have a palpable radial pulse, allowing healthcare providers to assess their heart rate and rhythm. It is important to be gentle when palpating a pulse in young children to avoid causing discomfort or distress.