Multiple Choice Questions About Respiratory System

Multiple Choice Questions About Respiratory System Related

Review Multiple Choice Questions About Respiratory System related questions and content

You are up very high where barometric pressure is 447 mmHg. What is the partial pressure of oxygen in the air up there?

  • A. 0.5 mmHg
  • B. 40 mmHg
  • C. 80 mmHg
  • D. 120 mmHg
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C (80 mmHg) because the partial pressure of oxygen in the air is directly proportional to the percentage of oxygen in the air. In the atmosphere, oxygen makes up approximately 21% of the air. Therefore, to calculate the partial pressure of oxygen, you would multiply the total barometric pressure by the percentage of oxygen (0.21). So, 447 mmHg x 0.21 = 94.07 mmHg. This is the partial pressure of oxygen at sea level. To find the partial pressure of oxygen at a higher altitude, you would consider the decrease in total barometric pressure. At 447 mmHg, the partial pressure of oxygen would be around 80 mmHg.

Summary:
A: Incorrect because it is too low.
B: Incorrect because it is too low.
D: Incorrect because it is too high.

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The nurse is teaching a male client with chronic bronchitis about breathing exercises. Which of the following should the nurse include in the teaching?

  • A. Make inhalation longer than exhalation.
  • B. Exhale through an open mouth.
  • C. Use diaphragmatic breathing.
  • D. Use chest breathing.
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Use diaphragmatic breathing. Diaphragmatic breathing involves using the diaphragm to breathe deeply, allowing more air to enter the lungs and improving oxygenation. This is beneficial for clients with chronic bronchitis as it helps improve lung function and efficiency. Making inhalation longer than exhalation (Choice A) may lead to hyperventilation. Exhaling through an open mouth (Choice B) can lead to loss of carbon dioxide. Using chest breathing (Choice D) is less efficient and can exacerbate breathing difficulties in clients with chronic bronchitis. Diaphragmatic breathing is the most effective technique for improving breathing and should be emphasized in teaching.

At a PO2 of 70 mm Hg and normal temperature and pH, hemoglobin is ________ percent saturated with oxygen.

  • A. 10
  • B. 25
  • C. 50
  • D. more than 90
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D (more than 90). At a PO2 of 70 mm Hg, hemoglobin is more than 90% saturated with oxygen due to the high oxygen affinity of hemoglobin at this partial pressure. Hemoglobin exhibits near-maximal saturation at this level, promoting efficient oxygen binding and transport. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect as they do not accurately reflect the high oxygen saturation levels associated with a PO2 of 70 mm Hg.

The nurse recognizes that additional teaching is needed when the patient with asthma says

  • A. a. I should exercise every day if my symptoms are controlled.
  • B. b. I may use over-the-counter bronchodilator drugs occasionally if I develop chest tightness.
  • C. c. I should inform my spouse about my medications and how to get help if I have a severe asthma attack.
  • D. A diary to record my medication use, symptoms, peak expiratory flow rates, and activity levels will help in adjusting my therapy.
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Additional teaching is needed when the patient mentions using over-the-counter bronchodilator drugs occasionally. This is not recommended as it can mask underlying issues and delay proper treatment.

Respiratory mechanism is controlled by

  • A. Central nervous system
  • B. Sympathetic nervous system
  • C. Parasympathetic nervous system
  • D. Autonomic nervous system
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Central nervous system. The respiratory mechanism is controlled by the brainstem, specifically the medulla oblongata and pons. These areas of the central nervous system regulate breathing by monitoring levels of carbon dioxide and oxygen in the blood. The medulla sets the basic rhythm of breathing, while the pons helps fine-tune the breathing rate. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because while the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems are involved in regulating various bodily functions, they do not directly control the respiratory mechanism. The autonomic nervous system, which includes both the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions, plays a role in involuntary functions like heart rate and digestion, but it is not the primary controller of breathing.

Which of the following are risk factors of laryngeal cancer?

  • A. Acute laryngitis
  • B. Tobacco use
  • C. Caffeine use
  • D. Sleep apnea
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. Tobacco use is a well-established risk factor for laryngeal cancer. A (acute laryngitis) is a temporary condition and not a risk factor. C (caffeine use) has no proven link to laryngeal cancer. D (sleep apnea) is unrelated.

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