Nokea
A 12-year-old girl asks the nurse about an increase in clear white odorless vaginal discharge. What response should the nurse give?
- A. This may mean a yeast infection.
- B. This is normal before menstruation starts.
- C. This is caused by an increase in progesterone.
- D. This is possibly a sign of a sexually transmitted infection.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Early in puberty, there is often an increase in normal vaginal discharge (physiologic leukorrhea) associated with uterine development. Girls or their parents may be concerned that this vaginal discharge is a sign of infection. The nurse can reassure them that the discharge is normal and a sign that the uterus is preparing for menstruation. It is caused by an increase in estrogen, not progesterone.
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The school nurse recognizes that students who are targeted for repeated harassment and bullying may exhibit what? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Skip school
- B. Attempt suicide
- C. Bring weapons to school
- D. Attend extracurricular activities
- E. Report symptoms of depression
Correct Answer: A,B,C,E
Rationale: Students targeted for repeated teasing and harassment are more likely to skip school, to report symptoms of depression, and to attempt suicide. Equally troubling, teens who are regularly harassed or bullied are also more likely to bring weapons to school to feel safe. Students who are bullied do not want to attend extracurricular activities.
The nurse is assessing the Tanner stage in an adolescent male. The nurse recognizes that the stages are based on what?
- A. Hair growth on the face and chest
- B. Changes in the voice to a deeper timbre
- C. Muscle growth in the arms, legs, and shoulders
- D. Size and shape of the penis and scrotum and distribution of pubic hair
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In males, the Tanner stages describe pubertal development based on the size and shape of the penis and scrotum and the shape and distribution of pubic hair. During puberty, hair begins to grow on the face and chest; the voice becomes deeper; and muscles grow in the arms, legs, and shoulders, but these are not used for the Tanner stages.
The development of sexual orientation during adolescence is what?
- A. Inflexible
- B. A developmental process
- C. Differs for boys and girls
- D. Proceeds in a defined sequence
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The development of sexual orientation as a part of sexual identity includes several developmental milestones during late childhood and throughout adolescence. The sequence and time spent in phases are different for each individual. Boys and girls pass through the same developmental milestones.
What aspects of cognition develop during adolescence?
- A. Ability to see things from the point of view of another
- B. Capability of using a future time perspective
- C. Capability of placing things in a sensible and logical order
- D. Progress from making judgments based on what they see to making judgments based on what they reason
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Adolescents are no longer restricted to the real and actual. They also are concerned with the possible; they think beyond the present. During concrete operations (between ages 7 and 11 years), children exhibit thought processes that enable them to see things from the point of view of another, place things in a sensible and logical order, and progress from making judgments based on what they see to making judgments based on what they reason.
What are characteristics of middle adolescence (1517 years) with regard to relationships with peers? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Behavioral standards set by peer group
- B. Acceptance of peers extremely important
- C. Seeks peer affiliations to counter instability
- D. Exploration of ability to attract opposite sex
- E. Peer group recedes in importance in favor of individual friendship
Correct Answer: A,B,D
Rationale: Characteristics of middle adolescence relationships with peers include behavioral standards set by the peer group, acceptance of peers is extremely important, and exploration of the ability to attract opposite sex. Seeking peer affiliations to counter instability is a characteristic of early adolescence relationships with peers. Peer groups receding in importance in favor of individual friendships is characteristic of late adolescence relationships with peers.