Nokea
A brain abscess is a collection of pus within the substance of the brain and is caused by:
- A. Direct invasion of the brain
- B. Spread of infection by other organs
- C. Spread infection from nearby sites
- D. All of the above mechanisms
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A brain abscess can be caused by direct invasion of the brain by microorganisms, spread of infection by other organs (such as the heart or lungs), or spread of infection from nearby sites (such as sinuses or the middle ear). In some cases, multiple mechanisms can contribute to the development of a brain abscess. Therefore, the correct answer is that a brain abscess can be caused by all of the above mechanisms.
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A client with ascites has a paracentesis, and 1500 ml of fluid is removed. Immediately following the procedure it is most important for the nurse to observe for:
- A. A rapid, thready pulse
- B. Decreased peristalsis .
- C. Respiratory congestion
- D. An increased in temperature
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Following a paracentesis procedure where a large amount of ascitic fluid is removed, there is a risk of developing a fluid shift and a potential complication known as "paracentesis-induced circulatory dysfunction" (PICD). This may cause a sudden increase in central blood volume due to rapid re-distribution of fluid, leading to respiratory congestion, dyspnea, and hypoxemia. Therefore, it is crucial for the nurse to monitor the client closely for signs of respiratory distress or congestion immediately after the procedure to prevent any respiratory complications. A rapid, thready pulse (choice A) may indicate hypovolemia, but it is not the most important immediate concern in this case. Decreased peristalsis (choice B) and an increased temperature (choice D) are not typically associated with the immediate post-paracentesis period and are therefore lower priorities compared to monitoring for signs of respiratory congestion.
Fentanyl is used as analgesia during operative and postoperative procedures. Which of the following conditions is NOT associated with fentanyl use?
- A. Tachycardia
- B. Hypotension
- C. Nausea and vomiting
- D. Acidosis
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Fentanyl typically causes hypotension, nausea, and vomiting, but it does not cause acidosis.
Which of the following terms would indicate to the nurse that a substance is toxic to the ear?
- A. Otoplasty
- B. Ototoxic
- C. Otalgia
- D. Tinnitus
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The term "ototoxic" indicates that a substance has the potential to cause damage to the ear or auditory system. Ototoxic substances can lead to hearing loss or damage to the inner ear structures. Therefore, if a nurse encounters the term ototoxic in a clinical setting, it would indicate that the substance being discussed is toxic to the ear. The other options, otoplasty, otalgia, and tinnitus, do not specifically indicate toxicity to the ear.
You are meeting with parents of a 12-year-old girl who recently diagnosed with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). The statement that should be included in your discussion is
- A. PTC has a grim overall prognosis
- B. FTC do not require radioactive iodine therapy
- C. supraphysiologic levothyroxine therapy is required during long-term follow-up
- D. calcitonin/carcinogenic antigen monitoring is required during the course of treatment
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Levothyroxine suppression therapy is standard in differentiated thyroid cancer.
If Mr. Franco's Right side is weak, What should be the most accurate analysis by the nurse?
- A. Expressive aphasia is prominent on clients with right sided weakness
- B. The affected lobe in the patient is the Right lobe
- C. The client will have problems in judging distance and proprioception
- D. Clients orientation to time and space will be much affected NEUROLOGIC NURSING Situation: A computer analyst, Mr. Ricardo J. Santos, 25 was brought to the hospital for diagnostic workup after he had experienced seizure in his office.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: When a client presents with right-sided weakness, it indicates that the underlying issue is likely located in the left hemisphere of the brain. This is due to the contralateral organization of the brain where the right side of the brain controls the left side of the body, and vice versa. Therefore, in Mr. Franco's case, the right-sided weakness suggests the affected lobe is the left lobe of his brain, not the right lobe as stated in option B.