Nokea
A couple asks the nurse about the procedure for surrogate parenting. Which correct responses should the nurse provide for this couple? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Donated embryos can be implanted into the surrogate mother.
- B. The surrogate mother needs to have carried one previous birth to term.
- C. You both need to be infertile to be eligible for surrogate parenting.
- D. Conception can take place outside the surrogate mother’s body and then implanted.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A. Donated embryos can be implanted into the surrogate mother: This is a common method in surrogate parenting where embryos from either the intended parents or donors are implanted into the surrogate mother's uterus.
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A client is concerned that her breasts are engorged and uncomfortable. What is the nurse's explanation for this physiologic change?
- A. Overproduction of colostrum
- B. Accumulation of milk in the lactiferous ducts and glands
- C. Hyperplasia of mammary tissue
- D. Congestion of veins and lymphatic vessels
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Breast engorgement is caused by the temporary congestion of veins and lymphatic vessels.
Which statement regarding chromosomal abnormalities is most accurate?
- A. Chromosomal abnormalities occur in approximately 10% of newborns.
- B. Abnormalities of number are the leading cause of pregnancy loss.
- C. Down syndrome is a result of an abnormal chromosomal structure.
- D. Unbalanced translocation results in a mild abnormality that the child will outgrow.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Aneuploidy is an abnormality of number that is also the leading genetic cause of mental retardation. Chromosomal abnormalities occur in fewer than 1% of newborns. Down syndrome is the most common form of a trisomal abnormality, an abnormality of chromosome number (47 chromosomes). Unbalanced translocation is an abnormality of chromosomal structure that often has serious clinical effects.
The nurse is providing care to a patient who was just admitted to the labor and birth unit in active labor at term. The patient informed the nurse, “I have not received any prenatal care because I cannot afford to go to the doctor. And, this is my third baby, so I know what to expect.” What is the nurse’s primary concern when developing the patient’s plan of care?
- A. Low birth weight
- B. Oligohydramnios
- C. Gestational diabetes
- D. Gestational hypertension
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The nurse's primary concern when developing the plan of care for a patient who has not received prenatal care and is now in active labor is the risk of low birth weight for the baby. Prenatal care plays a crucial role in monitoring the health of the pregnant woman and her baby, ensuring appropriate growth and development, and identifying any potential issues early on. Without prenatal care, important factors such as maternal nutritional status, appropriate weight gain, screening for conditions that can affect the baby's growth, and management of any complications during pregnancy may not have been addressed. As a result, the baby is at increased risk for being born with a low birth weight, which can lead to various health problems and complications both immediately after birth and in the long term. Therefore, the nurse should prioritize monitoring and addressing the risk of low birth weight in this situation.
What is the most common reproductive tract cancer associated with pregnancy?
- A. Cervical
- B. Uterine
- C. Ovarian
- D. Fallopian tube
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The incidence of cervical cancer concurrent with pregnancy is reported to be 1 in 2000 pregnancies, making it the most common reproductive tract cancer associated with pregnancy.
The nurse is providing care to a 46-year-old female patient. The patient appears hesitant when asked of her sexual history, and the nurse discovers that the patient is a lesbian. What education should the nurse provide to this patient pertaining to her health?
- A. Lesbians often are at higher risk for menstrual disorders, abnormal insulin production, and infertility.
- B. Lesbians often are at higher risk due to lower socioeconomic disparities than their heterosexual counterparts.
- C. Lesbians often refuse choices in health care such as the HPV vaccine as many feel they are not at risk.
- D. Lesbians often have fewer health issues than their heterosexual counterparts due to their strong support systems.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The education that the nurse should provide to the lesbian patient pertains to her health includes the fact that lesbians often are at higher risk for menstrual disorders, abnormal insulin production, and infertility. It is important for the nurse to be aware of potential health risks that may affect lesbians specifically, as this knowledge can help in providing appropriate care and interventions. By addressing these specific health concerns, the nurse can promote the patient's overall well-being and empower her to take proactive steps to maintain her health.