Gastrointestinal Nursing Questions

Gastrointestinal Nursing Questions Related

Review Gastrointestinal Nursing Questions related questions and content

A male client with a recent history of rectal bleeding is being prepared for a colonoscopy. How should the nurse position the client for this test initially?

  • A. Lying on the right side with legs straight
  • B. Lying on the left side with knees bent
  • C. Prone with the torso elevated
  • D. Bent over with hands touching the floor
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Lying on the left side with knees bent. This position allows for better visualization and access to the colon during the colonoscopy procedure. By lying on the left side, the client's colon is in a more optimal position for the scope to navigate through the colon. Additionally, bending the knees helps to relax the abdominal muscles and make the procedure more comfortable for the client.

Incorrect choices:
A: Lying on the right side with legs straight - This position does not provide optimal access to the colon and may make the procedure more difficult.
C: Prone with the torso elevated - This position is not suitable for a colonoscopy as it does not allow for proper access to the colon.
D: Bent over with hands touching the floor - This position is not recommended for a colonoscopy as it is not conducive to the procedure and may cause discomfort for the client.

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The effects of parasympathetic stimulation on the GIT include:

  • A. Constriction of the pylorus
  • B. Contraction of the internal anal sphincter
  • C. Contraction of the external anal sphincter
  • D. Contraction of the gall bladder
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because parasympathetic stimulation causes the contraction of the gall bladder. This is due to the release of acetylcholine which stimulates the gall bladder to contract and release bile into the duodenum to aid in digestion. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect as parasympathetic stimulation does not cause constriction of the pylorus, contraction of the internal anal sphincter, or contraction of the external anal sphincter.

What is the primary function of the large intestine?

  • A. absorbing nutrients
  • B. absorbing water and electrolytes
  • C. digesting proteins
  • D. secreting digestive enzymes
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The primary function of the large intestine is to absorb water and electrolytes from the indigestible food residue passed from the small intestine. This absorption process helps in forming solid waste (feces) and maintaining body fluid balance. Absorbing nutrients (Option A) primarily occurs in the small intestine. Digesting proteins (Option C) mainly takes place in the stomach and small intestine. The secretion of digestive enzymes (Option D) also primarily occurs in the stomach and small intestine, not in the large intestine. Therefore, the correct answer is B.

An endoscopic biopsy of gastric mucosa reveals small intestinal type epithelium. This finding is most likely due to:

  • A. chronic gastritis
  • B. congenital heterotopia
  • C. precancerous dysplasia
  • D. metastatic carcinoma
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: congenital heterotopia. This is because the presence of small intestinal type epithelium in the gastric mucosa indicates ectopic tissue that is not normally found in the stomach. This condition is known as congenital heterotopia, where tissues from one organ are found in another due to developmental abnormalities.

A: Chronic gastritis would not lead to the presence of small intestinal type epithelium in the gastric mucosa.
C: Precancerous dysplasia refers to abnormal cellular changes that can progress to cancer but does not explain the presence of small intestinal type epithelium.
D: Metastatic carcinoma would involve the spread of cancer cells from another primary site, not the presence of ectopic tissue.

Which of the following is not a part of the small intestine?

  • A. Duodenum
  • B. Jejunum
  • C. Ileum
  • D. Colon
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Colon. The colon is not a part of the small intestine; it is part of the large intestine. The small intestine consists of three parts: the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum. The duodenum is the first segment of the small intestine, followed by the jejunum and then the ileum. The colon, also known as the large intestine, comes after the small intestine in the digestive system. Therefore, the colon is not a part of the small intestine, making choice D the correct answer.

In planning the post-operative care for a morbidly obese client, how can the expertise of the LPN/LVN best be applied?

  • A. Obtain an oversized blood pressure cuff and a large-size bed.
  • B. Set up a reinforced trapeze bar.
  • C. Assist in the planning of bathing, turning, and ambulation.
  • D. Design alternatives for routine tasks such as daily weights.
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because LPN/LVNs can assist in planning bathing, turning, and ambulation for a morbidly obese client. This is crucial in preventing complications such as pressure ulcers, deep vein thrombosis, and respiratory issues. LPN/LVNs can provide physical support and guidance to ensure the client's safety and comfort during these activities.

Choice A is incorrect because obtaining oversized equipment is not the primary role of LPN/LVNs. Choice B is also incorrect as setting up a reinforced trapeze bar is more of a facility management task. Choice D is incorrect as designing alternatives for routine tasks is not within the scope of practice for LPN/LVNs.

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