Multiple Choice Questions on Respiratory System

Multiple Choice Questions on Respiratory System Related

Review Multiple Choice Questions on Respiratory System related questions and content

A nurse cares for a client who has hypertension that has not responded well to several medications. The client states compliance is not an issue. What action would the nurse take next?

  • A. Assess the client for obstructive sleep apnea.
  • B. Arrange a home sleep apnea test.
  • C. Encourage the client to begin exercising.
  • D. Schedule a polysomnography
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Assess the client for obstructive sleep apnea. Hypertension that is not responding to medications may be due to underlying sleep apnea, a common comorbidity. By assessing for obstructive sleep apnea, the nurse can identify a potential contributing factor to the client's uncontrolled hypertension. This step is crucial in managing the client's condition effectively.

Summary of other choices:
B: Arranging a home sleep apnea test may be premature without first assessing the client for obstructive sleep apnea.
C: Encouraging the client to begin exercising is important for overall health but may not directly address the uncontrolled hypertension.
D: Scheduling a polysomnography may be necessary if obstructive sleep apnea is suspected after the initial assessment.

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Stimulation of the apneustic center would result in

  • A. increased respiratory rate
  • B. more intense inhalation
  • C. a shorter respiratory cycle
  • D. less activity in the DRG center
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: more intense inhalation. The apneustic center is responsible for prolonging inhalation by stimulating the inspiratory neurons in the medulla oblongata. When the apneustic center is stimulated, it disrupts the normal breathing pattern, causing a prolonged and more intense inhalation. This results in deeper and more forceful breaths.

Incorrect choices:
A: increased respiratory rate - Stimulation of the apneustic center would not lead to an increased respiratory rate, but rather to changes in the depth and intensity of inhalation.
C: a shorter respiratory cycle - The apneustic center's stimulation does not lead to a shorter respiratory cycle, but rather to a prolonged inhalation phase.
D: less activity in the DRG center - The dorsal respiratory group (DRG) is responsible for initiating inspiration, and the apneustic center does not affect its activity.

For a female patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, which nursing intervention would help maintain a patent airway?

  • A. Restricting fluid intake to 1,000 ml per day.
  • B. Enforcing absolute bed rest.
  • C. Teaching the patient how to perform controlled coughing.
  • D. Administering prescribed sedatives regularly and in large amounts.
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Teaching the patient how to perform controlled coughing. This intervention helps to clear mucus and secretions from the airways, maintaining a patent airway. Controlled coughing also prevents airway obstruction and promotes effective breathing. Restricting fluid intake (A) can lead to dehydration and thickening of secretions, worsening airway clearance. Enforcing bed rest (B) can cause decreased lung expansion and retention of secretions. Administering sedatives (D) can depress respiratory drive and worsen respiratory function.

Plastron is the air bubble carrying respiratory air in the abdomen of

  • A. Belostoma
  • B. Nepa (Water boat man)
  • C. Chironomous
  • D. Mosquito
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Nepa (Water boat man). Plastron is an air bubble that aquatic insects such as Nepa carry to respire underwater. Belostoma and Chironomous do not have plastrons. Mosquitoes breathe through a siphon, not a plastron. Therefore, the correct answer is B.

The nurse is caring for a patient immediately postoperative after a left pneumonectomy. How should the nurse position the patient?

  • A. In high Fowler position
  • B. In semi-Fowler position
  • C. In a right side-lying position
  • D. In a left side-lying position
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Step-by-step rationale for why choice D is correct:
1. Post-pneumonectomy, positioning the patient on the left side allows the remaining lung to expand fully.
2. This position promotes better ventilation and perfusion, aiding in oxygenation.
3. Placing the patient on the left side also helps prevent pressure on the surgical site.
4. The left side-lying position also facilitates drainage and prevents pooling of secretions in the surgical area.

Summary of why other choices are incorrect:
A. High Fowler position may cause increased pressure on the surgical site and impede lung expansion.
B. Semi-Fowler position may not optimize lung expansion and could lead to decreased oxygenation.
C. Right side-lying position is not ideal as it does not facilitate full expansion of the remaining lung and may cause pooling of secretions.

A nurse is caring for a client with acute respiratory distress syndrome. Which of the following would the nurse expect to note in the client?

  • A. Decreased respiratory rate.
  • B. Pallor.
  • C. Low arterial PaO2.
  • D. An elevated arterial PaO2.
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Low arterial PaO2. In acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), there is impaired gas exchange leading to hypoxemia. Low arterial PaO2 indicates poor oxygenation in the blood, a hallmark of ARDS. Decreased respiratory rate (A) is unlikely as the body compensates by increasing respiratory effort. Pallor (B) is a general sign of reduced blood flow and not specific to ARDS. An elevated arterial PaO2 (D) would not be expected in ARDS, as it signifies adequate oxygenation.

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