Nokea
A nurse is caring for a patient who is prescribed amantadine. The nurse would assess the patient for which of the following?
- A. Asthenia and abdominal pain
- B. Fever and dizziness
- C. Anorexia and dyspnea
- D. Hypotension and insomnia
- E. Nausea and vomiting
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A nurse should monitor the patient for hypotension and insomnia, since these are adverse reactions of amantadine. Asthenia and abdominal pain are adverse reactions of adefovir. Fever and dizziness are adverse reactions of acyclovir. Anorexia and dyspnea are adverse reactions of cidofovir. Nausea and vomiting are not specific adverse reactions of amantadine.
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An HIV-positive patient is being treated with didanosine as part of the antiretroviral therapy. When assessing the patient, the nurse would immediately report which of the following to the primary health care provider?
- A. Peripheral neuropathy
- B. Headache
- C. Excoriation
- D. Taste alteration
- E. Nausea
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The nurse should immediately report symptoms of peripheral neuropathy to the primary health care provider. Headache, taste alteration, and nausea are some of the mild adverse effects of the drug and are not cause for immediate concern. Excoriation is an adverse effect of imiquimod and does not occur in patients being administered didanosine.
Which of the following would the nurse identify as a goal for a client who is receiving an antiviral drug? Select all that apply.
- A. Adverse reactions are identified and treated.
- B. Adequate nutritional status is maintained.
- C. Perceptions of body changes are managed successfully.
- D. Skin integrity is successfully maintained.
- E. Therapeutic response is achieved.
Correct Answer: A,B,C,D,E
Rationale: The goals for a client taking antiviral drugs can include the following: adverse reactions are identified and treated, adequate nutritional status is maintained, perceptions of body changes are managed successfully, skin integrity is successfully maintained, and therapeutic response is achieved.
A patient who is being discharged needs to continue taking the zanamivir using a Diskhaler and a bronchodilator. Both the inhaler and the Diskhaler are prescribed at the same time. Which instruction would the nurse include in the teaching plan for the patient?
- A. Zanamivir should be taken every 6 hours.
- B. Use the bronchodilator before taking zanamivir.
- C. Zanamivir used with a bronchodilator causes orthostatic hypotension.
- D. Risk of disease transmission is minimal during therapy.
- E. Monitor for allergic reactions
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The bronchodilator should be used before the zanamivir. The drug should be taken every 12 hours, not every 6 hours. The nurse should also inform the patient that treatment with this drug does not decrease the risk of transmission of the 'flu' to others. Zanamivir when used with a bronchodilator does not specifically cause orthostatic hypotension, though antivirals are known to affect the mental status of patients. Monitoring for allergic reactions is a general recommendation but not specific to this scenario.
When teaching a client about antiviral therapy, the nurse would include information about the possibility of which adverse reactions? Select all that apply.
- A. Rash
- B. Sedation
- C. Chills
- D. Diarrhea
- E. Headache
Correct Answer: A,D,E
Rationale: Adverse reactions associated with antiviral drugs include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, headache, rash, fever, and insomnia.
A group of nursing students are reviewing information about antiretroviral therapy. The students demonstrate understanding of the information when they identify which conditions as requiring cautious use of this class of drugs? Select all that apply.
- A. Diabetes
- B. Hemophilia
- C. Impaired hepatic function
- D. Impaired renal function
- E. Hypertension
Correct Answer: A,B,C
Rationale: Antiretroviral drugs should be used cautiously in clients with diabetes, impaired hepatic function, pregnancy, or hemophilia.