Nokea
A nurse is describing how the fetus moves through the birth canal. Which component would the nurse identify as being most important in allowing the fetal head to move through the pelvis?
- A. sutures
- B. fontanelles
- C. frontal bones
- D. biparietal diameter
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Sutures are important because they allow the cranial bones to overlap in order for the head to adjust in shape when pressure is exerted on it. Fontanelles are the intersections formed by the sutures. The frontal bones and biparietal diameter are not as crucial in allowing the fetal head to move through the pelvis.
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A 3-month-old baby has been diagnosed with cystic fibrosis (CF). The mother says, 'How could this happen? I had an amniocentesis during my pregnancy and everything was supposed to be normal!' What must the nurse understand about this situation?
- A. Cystic fibrosis cannot be diagnosed by amniocentesis.
- B. The baby may have an uncommon genetic variant of the disease.
- C. It is possible that the laboratory technician made an error.
- D. Instead of obtaining fetal cells the doctor probably harvested maternal cells.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Uncommon genetic variants of CF may not be detected by standard testing.
A woman who has had multiple miscarriages is advised to go through genetic testing. The client asks the nurse the rationale for this recommendation. The nurse should base his or her response on which of the following?
- A. The woman's pedigree may exhibit a mitochondrial inheritance pattern.
- B. The majority of miscarriages are caused by genetic defects.
- C. A woman's chromosomal pattern determines her fertility.
- D. There is a genetic marker that detects the presence of an incompetent cervix.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Genetic defects are a common cause of recurrent miscarriages.
A man has been instructed to make an appointment with the laboratory for sperm analysis. Which instruction should the nurse provide?
- A. Keep the sample in a cooler for transport.
- B. Deliver the sample to the laboratory within 1 hour of collection.
- C. Collect the sample during a period of frequent sexual activity.
- D. An acceptable collection method is withdrawal prior to ejaculation.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because delivering the sample to the laboratory within 1 hour of collection ensures the sample is fresh and provides accurate results. Keeping the sample in a cooler (choice A) is unnecessary and may not be feasible. Collecting the sample during frequent sexual activity (choice C) can skew results. Withdrawal method (choice D) may not provide an adequate sample for analysis. Timing and freshness are crucial for accurate results.
How does lifestyle modification improve fertility in women?
- A. It guarantees successful conception within one cycle.
- B. Maintaining a healthy weight and reducing stress improve hormonal balance and ovulation.
- C. Eliminating all carbohydrates enhances egg quality.
- D. Exercise has no role in supporting fertility.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because maintaining a healthy weight and reducing stress can improve hormonal balance and ovulation, leading to increased fertility. Healthy lifestyle choices positively impact reproductive health by regulating menstrual cycles and promoting optimal conditions for conception. Eliminating all carbohydrates (choice C) is not necessary and can be harmful as the body needs a balanced diet. Exercise (choice D) plays a crucial role in supporting fertility by promoting overall health and reducing stress, contrary to the statement that exercise has no role in fertility. Choice A is incorrect as successful conception is not guaranteed within one cycle with lifestyle modifications.
A woman in her 40th week of pregnancy calls the nurse at the clinic and says she is not sure whether she is in true or false labor. Which statement by the client would lead the nurse to suspect that the woman is experiencing false labor?
- A. I'm feeling contractions mostly in my back.
- B. My contractions are about 6 minutes apart and regular.
- C. The contractions slow down when I walk around.
- D. If I try to talk to my partner during a contraction, I can't.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The statement The contractions slow down when I walk around indicates that the contractions are irregular and weak, which is characteristic of false labor. In true labor, contractions are regular, strong, and do not slow down with movement.