Nokea
A nurse is reading an article that describes the function of the neurohypophysis. The nurse identifies this structure as part of which of the following?
- A. Hypothalamus
- B. Pineal gland
- C. Posterior pituitary
- D. Thymus gland
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The neurohypophysis refers to the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland, which releases oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone. The hypothalamus influences the pituitary, the pineal gland secretes melatonin, and the thymus gland supports T lymphocyte production.
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The nurse is evaluating a client's neck for thyroid enlargement. Which action by the nurse is appropriate during the evaluation?
- A. Inspect changes in pigmentation in the neck.
- B. Perform repeated palpation of the thyroid gland.
- C. Palpate the thyroid gland gently.
- D. Examine the skin of the neck for excessive oiliness.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The nurse should inspect the neck for thyroid enlargement and gently palpate the thyroid gland. Repeated palpation can lead to a sudden release of thyroid hormones in cases of thyroid hyperactivity, which may have serious implications. Changes in pigmentation or oiliness of the neck are not relevant to thyroid assessment.
During physical examination of a client with a suspected endocrine disorder, the nurse assesses the body structures. The nurse gathers this data based on the understanding that it is an important aid in which process?
- A. Detecting evidence of hormone hypersecretion
- B. Detecting information about possible tumor growth
- C. Determining the presence or absence of testosterone levels
- D. Determining the size of the organs and location
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The evaluation of body structures helps detect evidence of hormone hypersecretion or hyposecretion, aiding in the assessment of specific endocrine gland dysfunctions. Radiographs are used to detect tumors or determine organ size and location, while testosterone levels are assessed through blood tests.
An instructor is preparing a teaching plan for a class on the various pituitary hormones. Which hormone is released by the posterior pituitary gland?
- A. Somatotropin
- B. Prolactin
- C. Oxytocin
- D. Adrenocorticotropic hormone
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The posterior pituitary gland releases oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone. Somatotropin, prolactin, and adrenocorticotropic hormone are secreted by the anterior pituitary gland.
A nursing student asks the instructor why the pituitary gland is called the 'master gland.' What is the best response by the instructor?
- A. It regulates the function of other endocrine glands.
- B. It is the gland that is responsible for regulating the hypothalamus.
- C. The gland does not have any other function other than to cause secretion of the growth hormones.
- D. It regulates metabolism.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The pituitary gland is called the master gland because it regulates the function of other endocrine glands through its hormone secretions. However, the hypothalamus influences the pituitary, and the pituitary secretes multiple hormones beyond growth hormone, not just regulating metabolism.
A client has a decreased level of thyroid hormone being excreted. What will the feedback loop do to maintain the level of thyroid hormone required to remain homeostatic stability?
- A. Stimulate more hormones using the negative feedback system
- B. Stimulate more hormones using the positive feedback system
- C. Produce a new hormone to regulate the thyroid function
- D. Be unable to perform in response to low levels of thyroid hormone
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Most hormones, including thyroid hormones, are regulated by negative feedback, where a decrease in hormone levels stimulates the releasing gland (e.g., the pituitary) to secrete more thyroid-stimulating hormone to restore homeostasis.